Disposing garbage properly is essential for maintaining a clean and healthy environment. Among the given options, the correct way to dispose of garbage is option 'B': Throwing it into covered pit.

Proper garbage disposal not only helps in keeping the surroundings clean but also prevents the spread of diseases and protects the environment.

Below are the reasons why throwing garbage into a covered pit is the correct way to dispose of it:

1. Hygiene and Health:
- Garbage, if left uncovered or thrown on the road, can attract pests like rats, cockroaches, and flies.
- These pests carry disease-causing germs and can spread illnesses to humans.
- By throwing garbage into a covered pit, we prevent pests from accessing it and minimize the risk of diseases.

2. Odor Control:
- Uncovered garbage can produce foul odors, which can be unpleasant for nearby residents.
- A covered pit helps contain the odor, reducing discomfort for people living or passing by the area.

3. Aesthetics:
- Throwing garbage on the road or leaving it where it is not only creates an eyesore but also gives a negative impression of the area.
- By disposing of garbage in a covered pit, we maintain cleanliness and contribute to a more visually appealing environment.

4. Environmental Protection:
- Burning garbage on the roads, as mentioned in option 'D', is harmful to the environment.
- Burning releases toxic gases and pollutants into the air, contributing to air pollution and climate change.
- Throwing garbage into a covered pit prevents these harmful substances from being released into the environment.

In conclusion, throwing garbage into a covered pit is the correct way to dispose of it. It promotes hygiene, controls odors, maintains aesthetics, and protects the environment. Proper garbage disposal is a responsibility that each individual should undertake to ensure a cleaner and healthier surrounding for all.