Introduction:
Farmers use various techniques and methods to increase the production of crops. One of the crucial aspects of crop production is maintaining the fertility of the soil. To enhance the nutrient content and productivity of the soil, farmers add certain substances. Two common substances that farmers add to the soil are fertilizers and manure.

Fertilizers:
Fertilizers are commercially produced substances that contain essential nutrients required by plants. They are available in solid, liquid, or gas forms. Fertilizers are primarily added to the soil to supplement the natural nutrients present in the soil and ensure optimal plant growth. They provide a concentrated source of nutrients that are readily available to the plants.

- Fertilizers are manufactured by combining different elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other micronutrients. These elements are essential for the healthy growth and development of plants.
- Nitrogen helps in promoting leaf and stem growth, phosphorus aids in root development and flower formation, and potassium contributes to overall plant health and disease resistance.
- Fertilizers are applied in recommended quantities based on soil nutrient deficiencies and crop requirements. They can be broadcasted on the soil surface or incorporated into the soil before planting.

Manure:
Manure refers to organic matter derived from animal waste or decomposed plant material. It is an excellent source of nutrients and organic matter for the soil. Farmers have been using manure for centuries as a natural fertilizer to enhance soil fertility.

- Manure consists of a combination of animal feces, urine, bedding material, and other organic materials. It contains essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients in varying proportions.
- Besides providing nutrients, manure also improves soil structure, water-holding capacity, and microbial activity, thereby enhancing overall soil health.
- Farmers apply manure by spreading it over the soil surface or incorporating it into the soil before planting. The quantity of manure applied depends on the nutrient content of the manure and the crop nutrient requirements.

Conclusion:
To increase crop production, farmers add fertilizers and manure to the soil. Fertilizers provide concentrated nutrients, while manure offers organic matter and nutrients. Both substances contribute to improving soil fertility, promoting healthy plant growth, and ultimately increasing crop yields. It is essential for farmers to carefully assess the nutrient requirements of crops and soil conditions to determine the appropriate application rates of fertilizers and manure.