Solidification Time of Cylindrical and Square Parallelepiped Side Risers

Introduction
Side risers are used in casting to ensure proper filling of molten metal and prevent shrinkage defects. The shape of the riser affects the solidification time, which is an important factor in casting design. This article will compare the solidification time of two optimum side risers of the same volume, one cylindrical and the other a square parallelepiped.

Solidification Time
Solidification time is the time taken for the molten metal to solidify completely. It depends on various factors such as the shape and size of the casting, the pouring temperature, and the cooling rate. In general, the solidification time is longer for larger and more complex castings.

Cylindrical Side Riser
A cylindrical side riser has a simple shape, which means that the molten metal solidifies uniformly from the outer surface to the center. The solidification time of the cylindrical side riser can be calculated using the following formula:

t = kV/A
where t is the solidification time, k is the solidification constant, V is the volume of the riser, and A is the surface area of the riser.

Square Parallelepiped Side Riser
A square parallelepiped side riser has a more complex shape, which means that the molten metal solidifies at different rates at different points. The solidification time of the square parallelepiped side riser can be calculated using the following formula:

t = kV/2A
where t is the solidification time, k is the solidification constant, V is the volume of the riser, and A is the surface area of the riser.

Comparison
The solidification time of the cylindrical side riser is shorter than that of the square parallelepiped side riser. This is because the cylindrical shape has a simpler geometry, which means that the molten metal solidifies uniformly from the outer surface to the center. On the other hand, the square parallelepiped shape has a more complex geometry, which means that the molten metal solidifies at different rates at different points.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the solidification time of a side riser depends on its shape and size. A cylindrical side riser has a shorter solidification time than a square parallelepiped side riser of the same volume. This should be taken into consideration when designing casting systems to ensure proper solidification and prevent shrinkage defects.