- Bacteria and fungi: Bacteria are single-celled organisms that can be found almost everywhere on Earth. They can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful to humans. Fungi, on the other hand, are eukaryotic organisms that include molds, yeasts, and mushrooms. They play a crucial role in decomposing organic matter and are also used in food production.
- Viruses: Viruses are microscopic infectious agents that can only replicate inside the cells of living organisms. They are responsible for various diseases in humans, animals, and plants. Unlike bacteria and fungi, viruses are not considered living organisms because they lack the ability to carry out metabolic processes on their own.
- Algae and protozoa: Algae are photosynthetic organisms that can be found in various aquatic environments. They are considered primary producers in aquatic ecosystems and play a vital role in the food chain. Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic organisms that can be found in diverse habitats. They are important as predators and as a food source for other organisms.
- All of these: Microorganisms can be broadly grouped into bacteria, fungi, viruses, algae, and protozoa. Each group has unique characteristics and plays important roles in various ecosystems. Studying microorganisms is essential for understanding their impact on human health, the environment, and industries such as agriculture and biotechnology.

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