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Two particles are placed at some distance. If the mass of each of the two particles is doubled, keeping the distance between them unchanged, the value of gravitational force between them will be
  • a)
    1/4 times
  • b)
    4 times
  • c)
    1/2 times
  • d)
    unchanged
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Understanding Gravitational Force
The gravitational force between two particles is described by Newton's law of universal gravitation. This law states that the force (F) is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the two particles (m1 and m2) and inversely proportional to the square of the distance (r) between them.
Formula for Gravitational Force
The formula can be expressed as:
F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2
Where:
- F is the gravitational force
- G is the gravitational constant
- m1 and m2 are the masses of the two particles
- r is the distance between them
Effect of Doubling the Masses
When both masses are doubled (m1 becomes 2m1 and m2 becomes 2m2), we can substitute these values into the formula:
New Force (F') = G * (2m1 * 2m2) / r^2
This simplifies to:
F' = 4 * G * (m1 * m2) / r^2
Comparison of Forces
Now, let's compare the new force (F') with the original force (F):
- Original Force: F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2
- New Force: F' = 4 * F
Thus, the gravitational force between the two particles increases by a factor of 4.
Conclusion
Therefore, the correct answer is that the gravitational force between the two particles will be 4 times the original force when the masses are doubled while keeping the distance unchanged. Thus, the answer is option 'B'.
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