Polarized Electrolytic Capacitor

Polarized electrolytic capacitors are a type of capacitor that are designed to be used in DC circuits. They are not suitable for use in sinusoidal AC circuits or circuits with arbitrary waveforms of current. The correct answer to the question is option 'B'.

Explanation:

What is a polarized electrolytic capacitor?

An electrolytic capacitor is a type of capacitor that uses an electrolyte (usually a liquid or gel) as one of its plates. It is designed to have a high capacitance value and is used in applications where a large amount of capacitance is needed.

How does a polarized electrolytic capacitor work?

Polarized electrolytic capacitors have a positive and a negative terminal, and they are designed to be connected in a specific polarity. The positive terminal is usually marked with a "+" symbol, indicating the direction of current flow. The electrolyte inside the capacitor forms a dielectric layer on the surface of the positive plate, allowing it to store charge.

Why are polarized electrolytic capacitors used in DC circuits?

Polarized electrolytic capacitors are specifically designed for use in DC circuits because they rely on the formation of a dielectric layer on the positive plate. This dielectric layer is formed by the electrolyte, and it is necessary for the functioning of the capacitor.

In DC circuits, the polarity of the voltage remains constant, allowing the dielectric layer to form and remain stable. The dielectric layer acts as an insulator, preventing the flow of direct current through the capacitor.

Why are polarized electrolytic capacitors not suitable for use in sinusoidal AC circuits or circuits with arbitrary waveforms of current?

Sinusoidal AC circuits have a constantly changing voltage polarity, which causes the dielectric layer in a polarized electrolytic capacitor to break down. This can result in the capacitor becoming damaged or failing to function properly.

Similarly, circuits with arbitrary waveforms of current can have alternating polarities, which can also cause the dielectric layer to break down. This can result in the capacitor not being able to store charge effectively or even becoming damaged.

Therefore, polarized electrolytic capacitors should only be used in DC circuits where the polarity of the voltage remains constant. In AC circuits or circuits with arbitrary waveforms, non-polarized capacitors or other types of capacitors should be used instead.

Conclusion

In conclusion, a polarized electrolytic capacitor is designed to be used in DC circuits. It is not suitable for use in sinusoidal AC circuits or circuits with arbitrary waveforms of current. Using a polarized electrolytic capacitor in the wrong type of circuit can result in damage to the capacitor or a failure of the circuit.

Polarized means which has + ve and - ve plates . they cant be used for ac as the magnitude changes for every half cycle