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We now know that health professionals may behave not just according to their education and training, but also according to their own ‘lay beliefs’. But which of the following beliefs has been indicated by research to influence the development of a health professional’s original diagnosis? 
  • a)
    The nature of clinical problems. 
  • b)
    The probability of the disease. 
  • c)
    Similar patients. 
  • d)
    All of the above.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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We now know that health professionals may behave not just according to...
Research indicates that the following beliefs influence the development of a health professional’s original diagnosis:
  • The nature of clinical problems – One health professional who believes that illness is determined by biomedical factors may develop different diagnoses from another who believes in psychosocial factors.
  • The probability of the disease – Health professionals also have different beliefs about how common a health problem is, e.g. assuming that a child with a cough probably has a common childhood illness such as asthma.
  • The seriousness of the disease – Health professionals are motivated to consider the ‘pay-off ’ in reaching a correct diagnosis, which is related to their beliefs about the seriousness and treatability of an illness. For example, the professional may diagnose appendicitis in a child with abdominal pain, as this is a serious but treatable condition – and the benefits of arriving at the correct diagnosis for this condition far outweigh the costs involved if the diagnosis is wrong.
  • The patient – The original diagnosis will also be influenced by the health professional’s existing knowledge of the patient, including medical history, degree of support at home, psychological state, and beliefs about why the patient came to see the doctor.
  • Similar patients – We know that stereotypes can confound a decision-making process. Yet without them, consultations between health professionals and patients would be extremely time consuming. So a health professional will typically base their decision partly on factors such as how the patient looks/talks/walks, and whether they are reminiscent of previous patients.
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We now know that health professionals may behave not just according to their education and training, but also according to their own ‘lay beliefs’. But which of the following beliefs has been indicated by research to influence the development of a health professional’s original diagnosis?a)The nature of clinical problems.b)The probability of the disease.c)Similar patients.d)All of the above.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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