The correct answer is option 'C', which is the Indian Council Act of 1909.

The Indian Council Act of 1909, also known as the Morley-Minto Reforms, introduced the concept of communal electorate in India. This Act was passed during British rule and aimed to introduce limited political reforms in response to growing demands for Indian participation in governance.

The Act consisted of several provisions, one of which was the introduction of communal electorates. This meant that separate electorates were established for different religious communities, such as Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, and others. Each community had its own electorate, and only members of that community could vote for their respective representatives.

This provision was introduced to address the concerns and aspirations of various religious communities in India. It was believed that by having separate electorates, the interests and rights of different communities could be protected and represented adequately.

The introduction of communal electorates had both positive and negative consequences. On the positive side, it provided a platform for religious minorities to have a voice in the political process and ensured that their concerns were addressed. It also helped in the representation of diverse interests and prevented the domination of a single community.

However, the communal electorate system also had negative implications. It reinforced religious divisions and created a sense of separation and competition among different communities. It led to the formation of separate political identities based on religion and hindered the development of a united national identity.

Overall, the introduction of communal electorates through the Indian Council Act of 1909 was a significant step in the political reforms during British rule in India. It aimed to accommodate the diverse religious communities and their aspirations, but it also had unintended consequences in terms of reinforcing divisions and hindering national unity.