The correct answer is option 'D', i.e., 1877. Alexander Cunningham, a British archaeologist and historian, played a crucial role in the discovery and decipherment of Asokan inscriptions. He published several works related to Indian history, including the Asokan inscriptions. The following points explain in detail the publication of Asokan inscriptions by Alexander Cunningham:

• Alexander Cunningham and Asokan Inscriptions: Alexander Cunningham was appointed as the first Archaeological Surveyor of India in 1861. He was responsible for conducting archaeological excavations and explorations across India. During his tenure, he discovered several important historical sites and artifacts, including the Asokan inscriptions.

• Importance of Asokan Inscriptions: Emperor Asoka, who ruled over the Mauryan Empire in the 3rd century BCE, is known for his policy of Dhamma, which emphasized moral and ethical values. Asoka left behind a large number of inscriptions that were inscribed on pillars, rocks, and caves across India. These inscriptions provide valuable insights into the political, social, and religious life of ancient India.

• Publication of Asokan Inscriptions: Alexander Cunningham published several works related to Asokan inscriptions. In 1877, he published a set of Asokan inscriptions in his book "The Inscriptions of Asoka." The book contained a detailed description of the inscriptions along with their translations and interpretations. Cunningham's work was widely acclaimed and became the standard reference for Asokan inscriptions.

• Significance of Cunningham's Work: Cunningham's publication of Asokan inscriptions was significant for several reasons. Firstly, it helped in the decipherment of the Brahmi script, which was used to inscribe the inscriptions. Secondly, it provided valuable information about Asoka's policy of Dhamma and the Mauryan Empire. Lastly, it established Cunningham as a leading authority on Indian history and archaeology.

In conclusion, Alexander Cunningham's publication of Asokan inscriptions in 1877 was a significant contribution to the study of Indian history and archaeology. His work remains an important reference for scholars and researchers studying Asoka and the Mauryan Empire.