What will be the output of the following C++ code?
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
string str ("Test string");
for ( string :: iterator it = str.begin(); it != 5; ++it)
cout << *it;
return 0;
}

Question

What will be the output of the following C++ code?

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
string str ("Test string");
for ( string :: iterator it = str.begin(); it != 5; ++it)
cout << *it;
return 0;
}

a)
Test
b)
string
c)
Test string
d)
Error

Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Answer

Code Explanation
The provided C++ code snippet attempts to iterate over a string and print its characters. However, there's a critical error in the loop condition.
Code Breakdown
- String Initialization:
cpp
string str('Test string');
This initializes a string variable `str` with the value 'Test string'.
- Iterator Declaration:
cpp
for (string::iterator it = str.begin(); it != 5; ++it)
Here, an iterator `it` is initialized to the beginning of the string. However, the condition `it != 5` is incorrect.
Iterator vs Integer
- Type Mismatch:
- `it` is of type `string::iterator`, which is an object used to traverse through the characters of the string.
- The value `5` is an integer, not a valid iterator. This leads to a type mismatch.
Compiler Error
- Resulting Error:
- Since `it` is being compared to an integer instead of another iterator, the compiler will generate an error indicating that the comparison is invalid.
Conclusion
Thus, the correct answer is option 'D', indicating an error in the code, primarily due to the improper use of an iterator in the loop condition.

Answer

In the for loop, We are not allowed to give a numeric value in string, So it is arising an error.

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