All Courses
Explore Courses UPSC Exam UPSC Test Series Free Notes EduRev Infinity Get the App Login Join for Free
Sign in Open App
CAT Exam  >  CAT Questions  >   Direction: The passage given below is follow... Start Learning for Free
SaveJoin the Discussion on the App
Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position.
Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, 'the Socratic method," which itself is at the core of the 'scientific method,' popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.
  • a)
    Both Socrates and Bacon advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theories
  • b)
    Both Socrates and Bacon advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation.
  • c)
    Ie Both Socrates and Bacon advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions.
  • d)
    Both Socrates and Bacon advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Clear all your CAT doubts with EduRev
Most Upvoted Answer
Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Cho...
According to the paragraph, language is like a gelatinous mass that changes shape to fit. Also, many times the only way to find meaning of word is to examine how it is used. It is stated that definitions are fixed to the word by dictionary. While Wittgenstein found that circulation of ordinary language was a free-floating currency of meaning. So the meanings are dynamic. Thus value of word arises from the exchange and then the lexicographer abstracts meaning from that exchange. Thus, definitions are picked up from the meaning in use.
Option A, which states that definitions are like dogmatic, cannot be found in the paragraph. Hence, it can be eliminated. The paragraph doesn't talk about why lexicographers fix meanings. Hence, option B can be eliminated.
Option C covers all the main points. Hence, it is the right choice. The purpose of the passage is not to compare meaning of words in dictionaries with meaning which arises from exchange. Hence, option D can be eliminated.
Hence, option C is the right choice.
Attention CAT Students!
To make sure you are not studying endlessly, EduRev has designed CAT study material, with Structured Courses, Videos, & Test Series. Plus get personalized analysis, doubt solving and improvement plans to achieve a great score in CAT.
Explore Courses for CAT exam

Similar CAT Doubts

The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author’s position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, ‘the Socratic method,’ which itself is at the core of the ‘scientific method,’ popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one — and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.

The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the authors position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, the Socratic method/ which itself is at the core of the scientific method/ popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.

Question No. 22 The passage given below is followed by four alternate summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of Thomas Edison and Nicola Tesla were very virtuous at inquiring valuable questions. In reality, Edison is largely attributed with con Edison method'; which itself is at the fundamental of the 'scientific method'; popularised by Tesla. The Edison method refutes argui can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Ed invalidate a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to attaining both aims. Tesla with scientists working together, challenging each other. O Both Edison and Tesla advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theories. O Both Edison and Tesla advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation. Both Edison and Tesla advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions. O Both Edison and Tesla advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.?

Answer the questions based on the passage given below.Collaboration is taking over the workplace. As business becomes increasingly global and cross-functional, silos are breaking down, connectivity is increasing, and teamwork is seen as a key to organizational success. Certainly, we find much to applaud in these developments.However, when consumption of a valuable resource spikes that dramatically, it should also give us pause. Consider a typical week in your own organization. How much time do people spend in meetings, on the phone, and responding to e-mails? At many companies the proportion hovers around 80%, leaving employees little time for all the critical work they must complete on their own. Performance suffers as they are buried under an avalanche of requests for input or advice, access to resources, or attendance at a meeting. They take assignments home, and soon, according to a large body of evidence on stress, burnout and turnover become real risks. As a recent study led by Ning Li, of the University of Iowa, shows, a single “extra miler”-an employee who frequently contributes beyond the scope of his or her role-can drive team performance more than all the other members combined.But this “escalating citizenship,” as the University of Oklahoma professor Mark Bolino calls it, only further fuels the demands placed on top collaborators. We find that what starts as a virtuous cycle soon turns vicious. Soon helpful employees become institutional bottlenecks: Work doesn’t progress until they’ve weighed in. Worse, they are so overtaxed that they’re no longer personally effective. And more often than not, the volume and diversity of work they do to benefit others goes unnoticed, because the requests are coming from other units, varied offices, or even multiple companies. In fact, when we use network analysis to identify the strongest collaborators in organizations, leaders are typically surprised by at least half the names on their lists. In our quest to reap the rewards of collaboration, we have inadvertently created open markets for it without recognizing the costs. First, it’s important to distinguish among the three types of “collaborative resources” that individual employees invest in others to create value: informational, social, and personal. Informational resources are knowledge and skills—expertise that can be recorded and passed on. Social resources involve one’s awareness, access, and position in a network, which can be used to help colleagues better collaborate with one another. Personal resources include one’s own time and energy.These three resource types are not equally efficient. Informational and social resources can be shared—often in a single exchange—without depleting the collaborator’s supply. That is, when I offer you knowledge or network awareness, I also retain it for my own use. But an individual employee’s time and energy are finite, so each request to participate in or approve decisions for a project leaves less available for that person’s own work.Unfortunately, personal resources are often the default demand when people want to collaborate. Instead of asking for specific informational or social resources—or better yet, searching in existing repositories such as reports or knowledge libraries—people ask for hands-on assistance they may not even need. An exchange that might have taken five minutes or less turns into a 30-minute calendar invite that strains personal resources on both sides of the request.Collaboration is indeed the answer to many of today’s most pressing business challenges. But more isn’t always better. Leaders must learn to recognize, promote, and efficiently distribute the right kinds of collaborative work, or their teams and top talent will bear the costs of too much demand for too little supply. In fact, we believe that the time may have come for organizations to hire chief collaboration officers. By creating a senior executive position dedicated to collaboration, leaders can send a clear signal about the importance of managing teamwork thoughtfully and provide the resources necessary to do it effectively. That might reduce the odds that the whole becomes far less than the sum of its parts.Q. According to the author, which of the following “collaborative resources” can be shared often in a single exchange?

Answer the questions based on the passage given below.Collaboration is taking over the workplace. As business becomes increasingly global and cross-functional, silos are breaking down, connectivity is increasing, and teamwork is seen as a key to organizational success. Certainly, we find much to applaud in these developments.However, when consumption of a valuable resource spikes that dramatically, it should also give us pause. Consider a typical week in your own organization. How much time do people spend in meetings, on the phone, and responding to e-mails? At many companies the proportion hovers around 80%, leaving employees little time for all the critical work they must complete on their own. Performance suffers as they are buried under an avalanche of requests for input or advice, access to resources, or attendance at a meeting. They take assignments home, and soon, according to a large body of evidence on stress, burnout and turnover become real risks. As a recent study led by Ning Li, of the University of Iowa, shows, a single “extra miler”-an employee who frequently contributes beyond the scope of his or her role-can drive team performance more than all the other members combined.But this “escalating citizenship,” as the University of Oklahoma professor Mark Bolino calls it, only further fuels the demands placed on top collaborators. We find that what starts as a virtuous cycle soon turns vicious. Soon helpful employees become institutional bottlenecks: Work doesn’t progress until they’ve weighed in. Worse, they are so overtaxed that they’re no longer personally effective. And more often than not, the volume and diversity of work they do to benefit others goes unnoticed, because the requests are coming from other units, varied offices, or even multiple companies. In fact, when we use network analysis to identify the strongest collaborators in organizations, leaders are typically surprised by at least half the names on their lists. In our quest to reap the rewards of collaboration, we have inadvertently created open markets for it without recognizing the costs. First, it’s important to distinguish among the three types of “collaborative resources” that individual employees invest in others to create value: informational, social, and personal. Informational resources are knowledge and skills—expertise that can be recorded and passed on. Social resources involve one’s awareness, access, and position in a network, which can be used to help colleagues better collaborate with one another. Personal resources include one’s own time and energy.These three resource types are not equally efficient. Informational and social resources can be shared—often in a single exchange—without depleting the collaborator’s supply. That is, when I offer you knowledge or network awareness, I also retain it for my own use. But an individual employee’s time and energy are finite, so each request to participate in or approve decisions for a project leaves less available for that person’s own work.Unfortunately, personal resources are often the default demand when people want to collaborate. Instead of asking for specific informational or social resources—or better yet, searching in existing repositories such as reports or knowledge libraries—people ask for hands-on assistance they may not even need. An exchange that might have taken five minutes or less turns into a 30-minute calendar invite that strains personal resources on both sides of the request.Collaboration is indeed the answer to many of today’s most pressing business challenges. But more isn’t always better. Leaders must learn to recognize, promote, and efficiently distribute the right kinds of collaborative work, or their teams and top talent will bear the costs of too much demand for too little supply. In fact, we believe that the time may have come for organizations to hire chief collaboration officers. By creating a senior executive position dedicated to collaboration, leaders can send a clear signal about the importance of managing teamwork thoughtfully and provide the resources necessary to do it effectively. That might reduce the odds that the whole becomes far less than the sum of its parts.Q. What does the author mean by “escalating citizenship”?

Top Courses for CATView all

Top Courses for CAT

Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, 'the Socratic method," which itself is at the core of the 'scientific method,' popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.a)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theoriesb)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation.c)Ie Both Socrates and Bacon advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions.d)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Question Description
Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, 'the Socratic method," which itself is at the core of the 'scientific method,' popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.a)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theoriesb)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation.c)Ie Both Socrates and Bacon advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions.d)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? for CAT 2024 is part of CAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CAT exam syllabus. Information about Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, 'the Socratic method," which itself is at the core of the 'scientific method,' popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.a)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theoriesb)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation.c)Ie Both Socrates and Bacon advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions.d)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CAT 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, 'the Socratic method," which itself is at the core of the 'scientific method,' popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.a)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theoriesb)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation.c)Ie Both Socrates and Bacon advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions.d)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, 'the Socratic method," which itself is at the core of the 'scientific method,' popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.a)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theoriesb)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation.c)Ie Both Socrates and Bacon advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions.d)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CAT Exam by signing up for free.
Here you can find the meaning of Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, 'the Socratic method," which itself is at the core of the 'scientific method,' popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.a)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theoriesb)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation.c)Ie Both Socrates and Bacon advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions.d)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, 'the Socratic method," which itself is at the core of the 'scientific method,' popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.a)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theoriesb)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation.c)Ie Both Socrates and Bacon advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions.d)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, 'the Socratic method," which itself is at the core of the 'scientific method,' popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.a)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theoriesb)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation.c)Ie Both Socrates and Bacon advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions.d)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, 'the Socratic method," which itself is at the core of the 'scientific method,' popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.a)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theoriesb)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation.c)Ie Both Socrates and Bacon advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions.d)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Direction: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author's position.Both Socrates and Bacon were very good at asking useful questions. In fact, Socrates is largely credited with coming up with a way of asking questions, 'the Socratic method," which itself is at the core of the 'scientific method,' popularised by Bacon. The Socratic method disproves arguments by finding exceptions to them, and can therefore lead your opponent to a point where they admit something that contradicts their original position. In common with Socrates, Bacon stressed it was as important to disprove a theory as it was to prove one - and real-world observation and experimentation were key to achieving both aims. Bacon also saw science as a collaborative affair, with scientists working together, challenging each other.a)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated clever questioning of the opponents to disprove their arguments and theoriesb)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated challenging arguments and theories by observation and experimentation.c)Ie Both Socrates and Bacon advocated confirming arguments and theories by finding exceptions.d)Both Socrates and Bacon advocated examining arguments and theories from both sides to prove them.Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CAT tests.
Explore Courses for CAT exam

Top Courses for CAT

Explore Courses

Suggested Free Tests

Signup for Free!
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days! Learn & Practice with 1000+ FREE Notes, Videos & Tests.
10M+ students study on EduRev
Get App
© EduRev
Education Revolution
Signup to see your scores go up within 7 days!
Access 1000+ FREE Docs, Videos and Tests
Takes less than 10 seconds to signup