UDP with Congestion Control

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a connectionless transport protocol in the TCP/IP suite. It provides a lightweight and simple mechanism for sending datagrams over an IP network. However, UDP does not have built-in congestion control mechanisms, which makes it vulnerable to network congestion issues.

Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP)

DCCP is a transport layer protocol that is designed to provide congestion control for datagram-based applications. It extends UDP by adding congestion control mechanisms. DCCP allows applications to use datagrams but provides congestion control features similar to TCP.

Explanation

DCCP is specifically designed to address the limitations of UDP by providing congestion control capabilities. It is an alternative transport protocol that is suitable for applications that require low-latency and real-time communication but also need congestion control.

DCCP Features

1. Congestion Control: DCCP provides congestion control mechanisms to prevent network congestion and ensure fair sharing of network resources.
2. Reliable and Unreliable Modes: DCCP supports both reliable and unreliable modes of data transmission, allowing applications to choose the appropriate mode based on their requirements.
3. Connection-Oriented: DCCP establishes a connection between two endpoints before transmitting data, providing a reliable data transfer mechanism.
4. Flow Labeling: DCCP includes a flow label that allows the network to identify and treat packets belonging to the same flow in a consistent manner.
5. Optional Features: DCCP supports optional features such as congestion control ID, service codes, and feature negotiation.

Advantages of DCCP

1. DCCP provides congestion control, which helps prevent network congestion and ensures fair sharing of network resources.
2. It allows applications to use datagrams, providing low-latency and real-time communication capabilities.
3. DCCP supports both reliable and unreliable modes of data transmission, allowing applications to choose the appropriate mode.
4. It is a part of the TCP/IP suite and is widely supported by modern operating systems and network equipment.

In conclusion, the correct answer is option 'A', Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP), which is a version of UDP with congestion control mechanisms. DCCP extends UDP by providing congestion control features, making it suitable for applications that require low-latency and real-time communication while ensuring network stability.