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P% of earth dam failures are due to hydraulic failures, Q% of the earth dam failures are due to seepage failures, R% of the earth dam failures are due to structural failures, where
- a)P = 40, Q = 33, R = 25
- b)P = 25, Q = 40, R = 33
- c)P = 33, Q = 25, R = 40
- d)P = 40, Q = 25, R = 33
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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P% of earth dam failures are due to hydraulic failures, Q% of the eart...
Given:
P% of earth dam failures are due to hydraulic failures, Q% of the earth dam failures are due to seepage failures, R% of the earth dam failures are due to structural failures.
a) P = 40, Q = 33, R = 25
Explanation:
Hydraulic Failures:
Hydraulic failures occur when the water flowing through the dam exceeds the capacity of the spillway. The water pressure can cause the dam to fail.
Percentage of earth dam failures due to hydraulic failures= P= 40%.
Seepage Failures:
Seepage failures occur when water leaks through the dam, causing erosion and weakening the structure.
Percentage of earth dam failures due to seepage failures= Q= 33%.
Structural Failures:
Structural failures occur when the dam's design or construction is inadequate to withstand the forces of water and soil.
Percentage of earth dam failures due to structural failures= R= 25%.
Therefore, option A with P=40, Q=33, R=25 is correct.
It is essential to note that these percentages may vary depending on various factors such as the location of the dam, the materials used, the age of the dam, and the maintenance of the dam. Hence, it is crucial to conduct regular inspections and maintenance of dams to prevent failures.
P% of earth dam failures are due to hydraulic failures, Q% of the earth dam failures are due to seepage failures, R% of the earth dam failures are due to structural failures.
a) P = 40, Q = 33, R = 25
Explanation:
Hydraulic Failures:
Hydraulic failures occur when the water flowing through the dam exceeds the capacity of the spillway. The water pressure can cause the dam to fail.
Percentage of earth dam failures due to hydraulic failures= P= 40%.
Seepage Failures:
Seepage failures occur when water leaks through the dam, causing erosion and weakening the structure.
Percentage of earth dam failures due to seepage failures= Q= 33%.
Structural Failures:
Structural failures occur when the dam's design or construction is inadequate to withstand the forces of water and soil.
Percentage of earth dam failures due to structural failures= R= 25%.
Therefore, option A with P=40, Q=33, R=25 is correct.
It is essential to note that these percentages may vary depending on various factors such as the location of the dam, the materials used, the age of the dam, and the maintenance of the dam. Hence, it is crucial to conduct regular inspections and maintenance of dams to prevent failures.
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P% of earth dam failures are due to hydraulic failures, Q% of the eart...
Failures of earthen embankment dams are grouped into three categories
a) Hydraulic Failure: They occur from the uncontrolled flow of water over and adjacent to the embankment and due to the erosive action of water on the embankment slopes. 4 out every 10 earthen dams have failed due to hydraulic failures.
Various hydraulic failures are:-
i) Overtopping:
(ii) Wave erosion: Notching of the upstream face by wave action that reduces the embankment cross section thickness and weakens embankment material.
(iii) Toe erosion: Erosion of downstream toe of the earth slope caused by misdirected spillway outlet discharge.
(iv) Gullying: Rainfall erosion of embankment slopes. Also caused by traffic from people and vehicles.
b) Seepage Failure: Seepage, if uncontrolled, can erode fine soil material from the downstream slope or foundation and continue moving towards the upstream slope to form a pipe or cavity to the pond or lake often leading to a complete failure of the embankment. This action is known as “piping.”1 out of every 3 failed dam cases has seepage failures.
c) Structural Failure: Sloughs, bulges, cracks or other irregularities in the embankment are examples of structural failure. About 1/4th of earthen dams have failed due to structural failures.
Hence, 40 % of earth dam failures are due to hydraulic failures, 33% of the earth dam failures are due to seepage failures, 25% of the earth dam failures are due to structural failures.
a) Hydraulic Failure: They occur from the uncontrolled flow of water over and adjacent to the embankment and due to the erosive action of water on the embankment slopes. 4 out every 10 earthen dams have failed due to hydraulic failures.
Various hydraulic failures are:-
i) Overtopping:
(ii) Wave erosion: Notching of the upstream face by wave action that reduces the embankment cross section thickness and weakens embankment material.
(iii) Toe erosion: Erosion of downstream toe of the earth slope caused by misdirected spillway outlet discharge.
(iv) Gullying: Rainfall erosion of embankment slopes. Also caused by traffic from people and vehicles.
b) Seepage Failure: Seepage, if uncontrolled, can erode fine soil material from the downstream slope or foundation and continue moving towards the upstream slope to form a pipe or cavity to the pond or lake often leading to a complete failure of the embankment. This action is known as “piping.”1 out of every 3 failed dam cases has seepage failures.
c) Structural Failure: Sloughs, bulges, cracks or other irregularities in the embankment are examples of structural failure. About 1/4th of earthen dams have failed due to structural failures.
Hence, 40 % of earth dam failures are due to hydraulic failures, 33% of the earth dam failures are due to seepage failures, 25% of the earth dam failures are due to structural failures.
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P% of earth dam failures are due to hydraulic failures, Q% of the earth dam failures are due to seepage failures, R% of the earth dam failures are due to structural failures, wherea)P = 40, Q = 33, R = 25b)P = 25, Q = 40, R = 33c)P = 33, Q = 25, R = 40d)P = 40, Q = 25, R = 33Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
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