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Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.
The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development defines 'sustainable development' as follows: "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainable development clearly postulates an anthropocentric bias, least concerned with the rights of other species which live on this earth. Anthropocentrism is always human-interest focused thinking that considers non-humans as having only instrumental value to humans, in other words, humans take precedence and human responsibilities towards non-human are based on benefits to humans. Eco-centrism is nature-centred, where humans are part of nature and non-humans have intrinsic value. In other words, human interest does not take automatic precedence and humans have obligations towards non-humans independently of human interest. Eco-centrism is, therefore, life-centred, nature-centred where nature includes both humans and non-humans. The Constitution of India protects not only human rights but also casts an obligation on human beings to protect and preserve a species from becoming extinct. Conservation and protection of environment is an inseparable part of the fundamental right to life. According to the doctrine of 'public trust' recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on.
Q. Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the doctrine of 'public trust'?
  • a)
    Private ownership of forests is unwarranted.
  • b)
    Forests are held by the State in a fiduciary capacity.
  • c)
    State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value.
  • d)
    State is obligated to maintain forests in the interest of humans and non-humans.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Most Upvoted Answer
Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.The Uni...
"According to the doctrine of 'public trust' recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on." From these lines of the passage it is clear that statements 1, 2 and 4 are correct and statement 3 is incorrect.
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Explanation of the Correct Answer
The correct answer is option 'C': "State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value." This statement is incorrect according to the doctrine of public trust for several reasons:
1. Public Trust Doctrine
- The public trust doctrine emphasizes that certain natural resources, like forests, are held by the State in trust for the benefit of the public and the environment.
2. Fiduciary Responsibility
- The State acts in a fiduciary capacity, meaning it has a responsibility to manage these resources not for private or economic gain, but for the overall well-being of the public and the ecosystem.
3. Intrinsic Value of Nature
- The doctrine recognizes the intrinsic value of non-human entities, indicating that forests and other natural resources are important for their own sake, not solely for their economic benefits to humans.
4. Obligation Beyond Economic Interests
- The State's obligations extend to protecting the health of ecosystems and ensuring the survival of diverse species, which aligns with eco-centric principles rather than purely anthropocentric economic considerations.
Conclusion
- Therefore, option 'C' is incorrect because it contradicts the essence of the public trust doctrine, which prioritizes the ecological and intrinsic value of forests over their economic potential. The State's duty is to maintain forests in the interest of both humans and non-humans, ensuring a balanced and sustainable environment for all.
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Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as follows: "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainable development clearly postulates an anthropocentric bias, least concerned with the rights of other species which live on this earth. Anthropocentrism is always human-interest focused thinking that considers non-humans as having only instrumental value to humans, in other words, humans take precedence and human responsibilities towards non-human are based on benefits to humans. Eco-centrism is nature-centred, where humans are part of nature and non-humans have intrinsic value. In other words, human interest does not take automatic precedence and humans have obligations towards non-humans independently of human interest. Eco-centrism is, therefore, life-centred, nature-centred where nature includes both humans and non-humans. The Constitution of India protects not only human rights but also casts an obligation on human beings to protect and preserve a species from becoming extinct. Conservation and protection of environment is an inseparable part of the fundamental right to life. According to the doctrine of public trust recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on.Q.Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the doctrine of public trust?a)Private ownership of forests is unwarranted.b)Forests are held by the State in a fiduciary capacity.c)State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value.d)State is obligated to maintain forests in the interest of humans and non-humans.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Question Description
Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as follows: "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainable development clearly postulates an anthropocentric bias, least concerned with the rights of other species which live on this earth. Anthropocentrism is always human-interest focused thinking that considers non-humans as having only instrumental value to humans, in other words, humans take precedence and human responsibilities towards non-human are based on benefits to humans. Eco-centrism is nature-centred, where humans are part of nature and non-humans have intrinsic value. In other words, human interest does not take automatic precedence and humans have obligations towards non-humans independently of human interest. Eco-centrism is, therefore, life-centred, nature-centred where nature includes both humans and non-humans. The Constitution of India protects not only human rights but also casts an obligation on human beings to protect and preserve a species from becoming extinct. Conservation and protection of environment is an inseparable part of the fundamental right to life. According to the doctrine of public trust recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on.Q.Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the doctrine of public trust?a)Private ownership of forests is unwarranted.b)Forests are held by the State in a fiduciary capacity.c)State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value.d)State is obligated to maintain forests in the interest of humans and non-humans.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as follows: "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainable development clearly postulates an anthropocentric bias, least concerned with the rights of other species which live on this earth. Anthropocentrism is always human-interest focused thinking that considers non-humans as having only instrumental value to humans, in other words, humans take precedence and human responsibilities towards non-human are based on benefits to humans. Eco-centrism is nature-centred, where humans are part of nature and non-humans have intrinsic value. In other words, human interest does not take automatic precedence and humans have obligations towards non-humans independently of human interest. Eco-centrism is, therefore, life-centred, nature-centred where nature includes both humans and non-humans. The Constitution of India protects not only human rights but also casts an obligation on human beings to protect and preserve a species from becoming extinct. Conservation and protection of environment is an inseparable part of the fundamental right to life. According to the doctrine of public trust recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on.Q.Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the doctrine of public trust?a)Private ownership of forests is unwarranted.b)Forests are held by the State in a fiduciary capacity.c)State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value.d)State is obligated to maintain forests in the interest of humans and non-humans.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as follows: "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainable development clearly postulates an anthropocentric bias, least concerned with the rights of other species which live on this earth. Anthropocentrism is always human-interest focused thinking that considers non-humans as having only instrumental value to humans, in other words, humans take precedence and human responsibilities towards non-human are based on benefits to humans. Eco-centrism is nature-centred, where humans are part of nature and non-humans have intrinsic value. In other words, human interest does not take automatic precedence and humans have obligations towards non-humans independently of human interest. Eco-centrism is, therefore, life-centred, nature-centred where nature includes both humans and non-humans. The Constitution of India protects not only human rights but also casts an obligation on human beings to protect and preserve a species from becoming extinct. Conservation and protection of environment is an inseparable part of the fundamental right to life. According to the doctrine of public trust recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on.Q.Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the doctrine of public trust?a)Private ownership of forests is unwarranted.b)Forests are held by the State in a fiduciary capacity.c)State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value.d)State is obligated to maintain forests in the interest of humans and non-humans.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.
Solutions for Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as follows: "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainable development clearly postulates an anthropocentric bias, least concerned with the rights of other species which live on this earth. Anthropocentrism is always human-interest focused thinking that considers non-humans as having only instrumental value to humans, in other words, humans take precedence and human responsibilities towards non-human are based on benefits to humans. Eco-centrism is nature-centred, where humans are part of nature and non-humans have intrinsic value. In other words, human interest does not take automatic precedence and humans have obligations towards non-humans independently of human interest. Eco-centrism is, therefore, life-centred, nature-centred where nature includes both humans and non-humans. The Constitution of India protects not only human rights but also casts an obligation on human beings to protect and preserve a species from becoming extinct. Conservation and protection of environment is an inseparable part of the fundamental right to life. According to the doctrine of public trust recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on.Q.Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the doctrine of public trust?a)Private ownership of forests is unwarranted.b)Forests are held by the State in a fiduciary capacity.c)State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value.d)State is obligated to maintain forests in the interest of humans and non-humans.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CLAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CLAT Exam by signing up for free.
Here you can find the meaning of Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as follows: "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainable development clearly postulates an anthropocentric bias, least concerned with the rights of other species which live on this earth. Anthropocentrism is always human-interest focused thinking that considers non-humans as having only instrumental value to humans, in other words, humans take precedence and human responsibilities towards non-human are based on benefits to humans. Eco-centrism is nature-centred, where humans are part of nature and non-humans have intrinsic value. In other words, human interest does not take automatic precedence and humans have obligations towards non-humans independently of human interest. Eco-centrism is, therefore, life-centred, nature-centred where nature includes both humans and non-humans. The Constitution of India protects not only human rights but also casts an obligation on human beings to protect and preserve a species from becoming extinct. Conservation and protection of environment is an inseparable part of the fundamental right to life. According to the doctrine of public trust recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on.Q.Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the doctrine of public trust?a)Private ownership of forests is unwarranted.b)Forests are held by the State in a fiduciary capacity.c)State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value.d)State is obligated to maintain forests in the interest of humans and non-humans.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as follows: "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainable development clearly postulates an anthropocentric bias, least concerned with the rights of other species which live on this earth. Anthropocentrism is always human-interest focused thinking that considers non-humans as having only instrumental value to humans, in other words, humans take precedence and human responsibilities towards non-human are based on benefits to humans. Eco-centrism is nature-centred, where humans are part of nature and non-humans have intrinsic value. In other words, human interest does not take automatic precedence and humans have obligations towards non-humans independently of human interest. Eco-centrism is, therefore, life-centred, nature-centred where nature includes both humans and non-humans. The Constitution of India protects not only human rights but also casts an obligation on human beings to protect and preserve a species from becoming extinct. Conservation and protection of environment is an inseparable part of the fundamental right to life. According to the doctrine of public trust recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on.Q.Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the doctrine of public trust?a)Private ownership of forests is unwarranted.b)Forests are held by the State in a fiduciary capacity.c)State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value.d)State is obligated to maintain forests in the interest of humans and non-humans.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as follows: "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainable development clearly postulates an anthropocentric bias, least concerned with the rights of other species which live on this earth. Anthropocentrism is always human-interest focused thinking that considers non-humans as having only instrumental value to humans, in other words, humans take precedence and human responsibilities towards non-human are based on benefits to humans. Eco-centrism is nature-centred, where humans are part of nature and non-humans have intrinsic value. In other words, human interest does not take automatic precedence and humans have obligations towards non-humans independently of human interest. Eco-centrism is, therefore, life-centred, nature-centred where nature includes both humans and non-humans. The Constitution of India protects not only human rights but also casts an obligation on human beings to protect and preserve a species from becoming extinct. Conservation and protection of environment is an inseparable part of the fundamental right to life. According to the doctrine of public trust recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on.Q.Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the doctrine of public trust?a)Private ownership of forests is unwarranted.b)Forests are held by the State in a fiduciary capacity.c)State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value.d)State is obligated to maintain forests in the interest of humans and non-humans.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as follows: "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainable development clearly postulates an anthropocentric bias, least concerned with the rights of other species which live on this earth. Anthropocentrism is always human-interest focused thinking that considers non-humans as having only instrumental value to humans, in other words, humans take precedence and human responsibilities towards non-human are based on benefits to humans. Eco-centrism is nature-centred, where humans are part of nature and non-humans have intrinsic value. In other words, human interest does not take automatic precedence and humans have obligations towards non-humans independently of human interest. Eco-centrism is, therefore, life-centred, nature-centred where nature includes both humans and non-humans. The Constitution of India protects not only human rights but also casts an obligation on human beings to protect and preserve a species from becoming extinct. Conservation and protection of environment is an inseparable part of the fundamental right to life. According to the doctrine of public trust recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on.Q.Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the doctrine of public trust?a)Private ownership of forests is unwarranted.b)Forests are held by the State in a fiduciary capacity.c)State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value.d)State is obligated to maintain forests in the interest of humans and non-humans.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.The United Nations Commission on Environment and Development defines sustainable development as follows: "Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." Sustainable development clearly postulates an anthropocentric bias, least concerned with the rights of other species which live on this earth. Anthropocentrism is always human-interest focused thinking that considers non-humans as having only instrumental value to humans, in other words, humans take precedence and human responsibilities towards non-human are based on benefits to humans. Eco-centrism is nature-centred, where humans are part of nature and non-humans have intrinsic value. In other words, human interest does not take automatic precedence and humans have obligations towards non-humans independently of human interest. Eco-centrism is, therefore, life-centred, nature-centred where nature includes both humans and non-humans. The Constitution of India protects not only human rights but also casts an obligation on human beings to protect and preserve a species from becoming extinct. Conservation and protection of environment is an inseparable part of the fundamental right to life. According to the doctrine of public trust recognized under the Constitution of India, certain common properties such as rivers, seashores, forests and the air are held by the Government in trusteeship for the free and unimpeded use of the general public. The resources like air, sea, waters and the forests have such a great importance to the people as a whole that it would be totally unjustified to make them a subject of private ownership. The State, as a custodian of the natural resources, has a duty to maintain them not merely for the benefit of the public, but for the best interest of flora and fauna, wildlife and so on.Q.Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the doctrine of public trust?a)Private ownership of forests is unwarranted.b)Forests are held by the State in a fiduciary capacity.c)State is obligated to maintain forests for their economic value.d)State is obligated to maintain forests in the interest of humans and non-humans.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CLAT tests.
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