If one of the ends of the glass capillary tube is immersed in a liquid...
Capillary action:
- It is the ability of a fluid to flow through a narrow space without the application of an external force.
- When a tube of very small diameter is dipped inside a fluid, we can see either a rise or a fall of fluid inside a tube.
- If the fluid level increases in the tube it is called capillary rise and if the fluid level decreases it is called capillary fall.
- The reason for the capillary action is adhesive and cohesive forces.
- If the adhesive force is more compared to cohesive force, then there will be the capillary rise and the meniscus will be of concave shape.
- If the cohesive force is more compared to adhesive force, then there will be capillary fall and the meniscus will be of convex shape.
- For capillary rise the angle of contact is less than 90° and for capillary fall the angle of contact is greater than 90°.
If one of the ends of the glass capillary tube is immersed in a liquid...
Explanation:
Capillary Action:
Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, external forces like gravity. This phenomenon is due to the combination of adhesive and cohesive forces within the liquid.
Adhesion and Cohesion:
Adhesion is the attraction between molecules of different substances, while cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same substance. When the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the capillary tube are stronger than the cohesive forces within the liquid, capillary action occurs.
Effect of Adhesion on Capillary Action:
When one end of the glass capillary tube is immersed in a liquid with stronger adhesion than cohesion, the liquid molecules are attracted to the walls of the tube. This causes the liquid to rise in the capillary tube against the force of gravity. The higher the adhesion between the liquid and the tube, the higher the liquid will rise in the capillary.
Therefore, in this scenario, the liquid would rise in the capillary tube due to the stronger adhesion forces pulling the liquid up the tube.