During acetylation of amines, what is replaced by acetyl group?a)Hydrogen atom attached to nitrogen atomb)One or more hydrogen atoms attached to carbon atomc)One or more hydrogen atoms attached to nitrogen atomd)Hydrogen atoms attached to either carbon atom or nitrogen atomCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

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Acetylation of Amines

Acetylation of amines is a process in which an acetyl group is added to an amine compound. This reaction is commonly used in organic chemistry for the synthesis of various organic compounds. The acetyl group is a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group with a methyl group attached to it.

Replacement of Hydrogen Atoms

During acetylation of amines, the hydrogen atoms attached to the nitrogen atom of the amine compound are replaced by an acetyl group. The acetyl group is added to the nitrogen atom to form an acetylated amine. The reaction is carried out by using an acetylating agent such as acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride in the presence of a base such as pyridine.

Mechanism of Acetylation

The mechanism of acetylation of amines involves the formation of an intermediate compound known as an imine. The amine compound reacts with the acetylating agent to form an iminium ion. The iminium ion is then attacked by the base to form the acetylated amine compound. The reaction can also take place via a direct nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the nitrogen atom of the amine attacks the carbonyl carbon atom of the acetylating agent.

Applications of Acetylation

Acetylation of amines is used in the synthesis of various organic compounds such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. It is also used in the preparation of N-acetyl derivatives of amino acids and peptides. The acetylated amine compounds are more stable than the corresponding amine compounds and can be easily purified by techniques such as column chromatography.

Conclusion

In summary, during acetylation of amines, the hydrogen atoms attached to the nitrogen atom of the amine compound are replaced by an acetyl group. The reaction is carried out by using an acetylating agent and a base. The acetylated amine compounds are widely used in organic synthesis for the preparation of various organic compounds.

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