Background of the Permanent Settlement
The Permanent Settlement, introduced in 1793 by Lord Cornwallis, was a significant reform in the agrarian structure of Bengal. It aimed to streamline revenue collection by fixing land revenue assessments permanently. The system replaced the earlier practice of annual revenue contracts with a fixed land revenue that landlords (zamindars) were responsible for collecting from the peasants.
Raja of Burdwan During the Settlement
At the time when the Permanent Settlement was imposed, Tej Chand was the Raja of Burdwan. His involvement in this historical context is important for understanding the impact of the policy on local governance and land revenue systems.
Key Points about Tej Chand
- Role as Zamindar: Tej Chand, as the Raja, became one of the influential zamindars under the new system. The Permanent Settlement empowered zamindars like him to have greater control over land and revenue collection.
- Impact on Revenue: The fixed revenue system meant that zamindars were incentivized to maximize their income from peasants, often leading to increased exploitation.
Significance of the Permanent Settlement
- Transformation of Land Ownership: The Permanent Settlement led to the creation of a new class of landlords, fundamentally altering the socio-economic fabric of Bengal.
- Long-term Effects: The system had lasting implications, contributing to agrarian distress and social stratification in rural Bengal.
In conclusion, Tej Chand's position as the Raja of Burdwan during the implementation of the Permanent Settlement highlights the intersection of local power dynamics and colonial policies in 18th-century India.