Introduction:
The steam engine is a revolutionary invention that played a significant role in the Industrial Revolution. It was invented by Thomas Savery in the late 17th century.

Explanation:
The correct answer to the question is option 'B', Thomas Savery. Let's delve into the details of why he is credited with inventing the steam engine.

Thomas Savery:
Thomas Savery was an English engineer and inventor who lived from 1650 to 1715. He is known for his contributions to steam power and is credited with inventing the first practical steam engine.

Invention of the Steam Engine:
In 1698, Savery patented his steam engine, which he called the "Miner's Friend." This steam engine was primarily designed to pump water out of mines, which was a crucial need during that time. The steam engine was a significant improvement over the existing methods of removing water, such as using manual labor or animal-powered devices.

Working Principle:
The Savery steam engine worked on the principle of pressure and vacuum. It consisted of a boiler that generated steam by heating water. The steam was then transferred to a cylinder, where it displaced the air, creating a partial vacuum. This vacuum allowed atmospheric pressure to push water up from the mineshaft into the cylinder. Once the cylinder was filled with water, valves were opened to release the steam, resulting in an increase in pressure. This pressure forced the water out of the cylinder and up to the surface.

Limitations:
Although Savery's steam engine was an important development, it had some limitations. It was inefficient, consumed a large amount of coal, and required constant attention to maintain its operation. Furthermore, it could only pump water from shallow depths and was not suitable for other applications.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the steam engine was invented by Thomas Savery. His invention marked a significant milestone in the history of technology and paved the way for future advancements in steam power. Despite its limitations, the Savery steam engine laid the foundation for the development of more efficient and versatile steam engines in the years to come.