To determine the element with the highest metallic character among IP, Q, R, and S, we need to compare their ionization potentials (IP). The ionization potential is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion in the gaseous state.

The lower the ionization potential, the easier it is for an atom to lose an electron and exhibit metallic properties. So, the element with the lowest ionization potential will have the highest metallic character.

Here are the ionization potentials of the given elements:
(a) IP of P = 17 eV
(b) IP of Q = 2 eV
(c) IP of R = 10 eV
(d) IP of S = 13 eV

Comparing the ionization potentials, we can see that Q has the lowest value of 2 eV. Therefore, element Q has the highest metallic character among the given options.

Explanation:
1. Ionization Potential (IP):
- Ionization potential is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion in the gaseous state.
- It is measured in electron volts (eV) or kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol).
- Lower ionization potential indicates easier removal of electrons and greater metallic character.

2. Comparison of Ionization Potentials:
- Comparing the given ionization potentials, we find that Q has the lowest value of 2 eV.
- This means that it requires the least amount of energy to remove an electron from atom Q, indicating a higher metallic character.
- P has an ionization potential of 17 eV, which is the highest among the given options, indicating the lowest metallic character.
- R has an ionization potential of 10 eV, while S has an ionization potential of 13 eV.

Conclusion:
Element Q has the highest metallic character among the given options because it has the lowest ionization potential of 2 eV.