Overview:
In Class 12, humanities subjects and science subjects differ significantly in terms of their content, approach, and skills required. Humanities subjects primarily focus on the study of human society, culture, language, and arts, while science subjects emphasize the study of the natural world, including mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology.

Differences:

1. Subject Matter:
- Humanities subjects: The humanities subjects in Class 12 include subjects like History, Political Science, Sociology, Psychology, Economics, Geography, etc. These subjects delve into the study of human behavior, society, culture, politics, economics, and geography.
- Science subjects: The science subjects in Class 12 include Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Mathematics, etc. These subjects explore the natural world, focusing on concepts like forces, energy, matter, chemical reactions, biological processes, and mathematical principles.

2. Approach:
- Humanities subjects: Humanities subjects adopt a qualitative and interpretive approach. They involve critical analysis, interpretation of texts, understanding historical events, evaluating social and political structures, and examining human behavior. Students in humanities subjects are encouraged to think critically, analyze information, and develop their own perspectives.
- Science subjects: Science subjects rely on a quantitative and empirical approach. They involve conducting experiments, collecting data, analyzing numerical information, and applying mathematical principles to understand natural phenomena. Science subjects require logical reasoning, problem-solving skills, and an emphasis on accuracy.

3. Evaluation:
- Humanities subjects: Evaluation in humanities subjects often involves subjective assessments. Students may be required to write essays, analyze case studies, participate in discussions, and present their ideas. The evaluation focuses on the ability to articulate thoughts, analyze information, and present arguments effectively.
- Science subjects: Evaluation in science subjects is more objective. It involves solving numerical problems, conducting experiments, writing lab reports, and answering multiple-choice questions. The evaluation emphasizes the application of scientific principles, accuracy in calculations, and understanding of concepts.

4. Career Paths:
- Humanities subjects: Studying humanities subjects in Class 12 can lead to various career paths such as journalism, law, social work, teaching, research, civil services, and arts-related fields. These subjects provide a strong foundation for understanding human society and culture.
- Science subjects: Science subjects in Class 12 open up career opportunities in fields like engineering, medicine, research, biotechnology, pharmacy, computer science, and more. These subjects provide a strong scientific background and analytical skills necessary for these professions.

In conclusion, humanities subjects and science subjects in Class 12 differ in terms of subject matter, approach, evaluation methods, and career paths. Humanities subjects focus on the study of human society, culture, and behavior, while science subjects emphasize the study of the natural world using a quantitative approach. Both streams offer unique opportunities and cater to different interests and career aspirations.