Introduction:
History and Political Science are two distinct academic disciplines that study different aspects of human societies. While they may overlap in certain areas, their focuses, methodologies, and objectives differ significantly.



Definition:
History is the study of past events, individuals, societies, and civilizations. It involves the critical examination and interpretation of primary and secondary sources, such as written records, artifacts, and oral traditions, to understand the development and evolution of human societies over time.

Focus:
- History primarily focuses on the past, seeking to answer questions about what happened, why it happened, and how it shaped the present.
- It explores various aspects of human life, including politics, economics, culture, social structures, and more.
- Historians analyze events, individuals, and their contexts to gain insight into the motivations, actions, and consequences of the past.

Methodology:
- Historians employ a range of research methods, including archival research, textual analysis, archaeology, and interviews.
- They critically evaluate primary and secondary sources to identify biases, contextualize information, and construct narratives.
- Their aim is to reconstruct the past as accurately as possible, using evidence-based reasoning and critical thinking.

Objectives:
- The main objective of history is to understand and interpret the past to gain insights into human experiences, societies, and cultures.
- It helps us learn from the mistakes and achievements of our predecessors, enabling us to make informed decisions in the present and future.
- History also contributes to our collective memory, identity, and heritage, fostering a sense of continuity and connection with the past.



Definition:
Political Science studies the theory and practice of politics, including the study of political systems, institutions, processes, and policies. It analyzes the distribution and exercise of power, as well as the relationships between individuals, groups, and governments.

Focus:
- Political Science primarily focuses on the present and future, seeking to understand political behavior, systems, and outcomes.
- It examines various aspects of politics, including political ideologies, government structures, international relations, public policy, and more.
- Political scientists seek to explain and predict political phenomena, such as voting behavior, policy formulation, conflict resolution, and the exercise of power.

Methodology:
- Political scientists employ various research methods, including quantitative analysis, surveys, case studies, comparative analysis, and statistical modeling.
- They use theoretical frameworks and models to analyze political phenomena, test hypotheses, and make predictions.
- Their aim is to produce knowledge that can inform policymakers, contribute to public discourse, and improve the functioning of political systems.

Objectives:
- The main objective of political science is to understand and explain political processes, systems, and behavior, both at the national and international levels.
- It aims to provide insights into good governance, policy formulation, conflict resolution, and the functioning of democratic institutions.
- Political science also seeks to contribute to the development of informed citizens and promote civic engagement, fostering a more democratic and inclusive society.


While both History and Political Science study aspects of human societies, their focuses, methodologies, and objectives differ significantly