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What are the major historical documents or primary sources studied in history for Class 12?
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Major Historical Documents and Primary Sources Studied in History for Class 12


1. Ancient India:


  • Arthashastra: Written by Kautilya (Chanakya), this text provides insights into the political and economic system of ancient India.

  • Rock Edicts of Ashoka: These inscriptions by Emperor Ashoka provide valuable information about his reign and policies.

  • Vedas: The Rigveda, Samaveda, Yajurveda, and Atharvaveda are ancient Indian texts that contain hymns, rituals, and philosophical ideas.

  • Puranas: These texts contain mythological stories, genealogies, and legends related to Hindu gods and goddesses.



2. Medieval India:


  • Ain-i-Akbari: Written by Abul Fazl, it is a detailed account of the Mughal Empire under Emperor Akbar.

  • Baburnama: The autobiography of Emperor Babur, which provides insights into the early Mughal Empire.

  • Accounts of Foreign Travelers: Accounts of foreign travelers like Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo offer valuable information about medieval India.

  • Historical Chronicles: Works like Tabaqat-i-Akbari by Nizamuddin Ahmad and Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri by Jahangir provide firsthand accounts of the Mughal period.



3. Modern India:


  • Indian National Congress Documents: Letters, speeches, and resolutions of the Indian National Congress during the freedom struggle.

  • Colonial Government Reports: Reports like the Hunter Commission, Simon Commission, and Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms give insights into British colonial policies.

  • Official Documents: Important official documents like the Indian Independence Act of 1947 and the Constitution of India.

  • Letters and Writings of Freedom Fighters: Letters, speeches, and writings of leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Subhas Chandra Bose.



4. World History:


  • The Magna Carta: A charter signed in 1215, which limited the powers of the English monarch and laid the foundation for constitutional law.

  • The Declaration of Independence: The document that declared the thirteen American colonies independent from British rule in 1776.

  • The Communist Manifesto: Written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, it outlines the principles and goals of communism.

  • The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Adopted by the United Nations in 1948, this document sets out the fundamental
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