Challenges faced by students in studying Hindi in Class 12 humanities:

1. Complex grammar: Hindi grammar can be quite intricate, especially at the Class 12 level. Students often struggle with understanding and applying complex grammatical rules.

2. Lack of vocabulary: Many students find it challenging to build a strong vocabulary in Hindi. This can hinder their ability to comprehend and express themselves effectively in the language.

3. Difficulty in comprehension: Hindi literature texts can be dense and require a high level of comprehension skills. Students may find it challenging to understand the nuances of the language used in poems, stories, and essays.

4. Writing skills: Writing essays, letters, and comprehension passages in Hindi can be daunting for students who are not accustomed to expressing their thoughts in the language. They may struggle with structuring their writing and using appropriate vocabulary.

5. Lack of interest: Some students may not have a natural inclination towards Hindi or may find it less relevant compared to other subjects. This lack of interest can make studying the language a tedious task.

How to overcome these challenges:

1. Regular practice: Consistent practice is key to improving Hindi language skills. Students should dedicate regular time to reading Hindi literature, writing essays, and solving grammar exercises.

2. Expand vocabulary: Students can enhance their vocabulary by reading books, newspapers, and magazines in Hindi. They can also use flashcards or vocabulary building apps to learn new words and their meanings.

3. Seek guidance: Teachers or tutors can provide additional guidance and clarification on complex grammar rules. Students should not hesitate to seek help whenever they face difficulties.

4. Develop comprehension skills: Engaging in discussions, participating in group activities, and solving comprehension exercises can help students improve their understanding of Hindi literature. They can also try summarizing texts in their own words to ensure comprehension.

5. Practice writing: Regular writing practice can improve a student's ability to express themselves in Hindi. They should focus on structuring their writing, using appropriate vocabulary, and revising their work for grammatical accuracy.

6. Develop interest: Teachers can make the subject more interesting by incorporating multimedia resources, interactive activities, and real-life examples. Encouraging students to explore Hindi literature beyond the prescribed textbooks can also foster interest and engagement.

In conclusion, studying Hindi in Class 12 humanities can present various challenges, including complex grammar, lack of vocabulary, difficulty in comprehension, and writing skills. However, with regular practice, seeking guidance, expanding vocabulary, developing comprehension skills, and cultivating interest, these challenges can be overcome effectively.