There are several factors that have contributed to the large-scale destruction of forest cover and arable land. These factors include:


Deforestation, which refers to the permanent removal of trees and vegetation, is a major cause of forest cover destruction. It occurs due to activities such as logging, agriculture expansion, urbanization, and infrastructure development. Deforestation leads to the loss of biodiversity, disruption of ecosystems, and the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change.


Unsustainable agricultural practices, such as slash-and-burn farming and monoculture farming, have also contributed to the destruction of forest cover and arable land. Slash-and-burn farming involves clearing large areas of forest by burning the vegetation, which releases greenhouse gases and depletes the soil's fertility. Monoculture farming, which involves growing a single crop over a large area, leads to soil degradation, erosion, and loss of biodiversity.


The expansion of urban areas and the construction of infrastructure, such as roads, buildings, and industries, often result in the clearing of forests and conversion of arable land into non-agricultural use. This leads to the loss of valuable ecosystems, wildlife habitats, and productive agricultural land.


Mining activities, including surface mining and open-pit mining, can cause significant damage to forest cover and arable land. These activities often involve the removal of topsoil, vegetation, and the use of chemicals, which can contaminate water sources and degrade the land. It leads to the destruction of habitats and ecosystems, making the land unsuitable for agriculture.


The impacts of climate change, such as increased temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events, can also contribute to the destruction of forest cover and arable land. Climate change can lead to droughts, wildfires, and desertification, making it difficult for trees and crops to survive and thrive.

Overall, the large-scale destruction of forest cover and arable land is a complex issue that results from a combination of human activities, including deforestation, unsustainable agricultural practices, urbanization, mining, and the impacts of climate change. It is essential to adopt sustainable land management practices, reforestation efforts, and conservation measures to mitigate these destructive processes and protect our natural resources.