Introduction:
The national song of India, also known as Vande Mataram, was written by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. It holds a significant place in Indian history and is considered a patriotic hymn that symbolizes the love for the country. Let's delve into the details of its creation and significance.

Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay:
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, also known as Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, was a prominent Bengali writer and novelist of the 19th century. He is known for his contributions to Bengali literature and is often referred to as the "Bard of Bengal." Chattopadhyay played a vital role in the Indian nationalist movement through his writings, one of which includes the composition of Vande Mataram.

Composition of Vande Mataram:
Vande Mataram was first published in 1875 as a poem in Chattopadhyay's novel, Anandamath. The poem was later set to music by Rabindranath Tagore, who added a few more stanzas to it. The song beautifully captures the essence of love and reverence for India, portraying it as the divine mother. The lyrics are written in Sanskrit and Bengali, making it a blend of both languages.

Significance of Vande Mataram:
Vande Mataram holds immense cultural and historical significance in India. It became a rallying cry during the Indian independence movement against British colonial rule. The song became a symbol of unity, patriotism, and resistance against oppression. It inspired and motivated countless freedom fighters and played a crucial role in the fight for independence.

Controversy:
Vande Mataram has faced controversy regarding its usage due to its religious connotations. The song's reference to the goddess Durga has led to objections from certain religious communities. However, it is important to note that the song's essence lies in its symbolism of India as a motherland, and it has been embraced by people from various religious backgrounds as a nationalistic expression.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay is the esteemed writer who composed the national song of India, Vande Mataram. The song's powerful lyrics and melody have made it an integral part of India's cultural and national identity. It continues to inspire and evoke a sense of pride and patriotism among Indians, reminding them of their love and devotion towards their motherland.