Answer:

The correct answer is option B, Iraq.

Background:
Trachoma is a highly contagious eye infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It is a leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) has been working towards the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem globally through its SAFE strategy, which includes Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness, and Environmental improvement.

Explanation:
Iraq became the 18th country recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) for eliminating trachoma as a public health problem. This recognition is a significant achievement for Iraq's healthcare system and its efforts to eradicate the disease. Here are the key reasons why Iraq was recognized:

1. Implementation of the SAFE strategy:
- Iraq has successfully implemented the SAFE strategy, which is crucial for eliminating trachoma. The strategy involves providing access to clean water and improved sanitation, distributing antibiotics to affected individuals, promoting facial cleanliness, and ensuring surgical interventions for advanced cases.

2. National commitment and coordination:
- Iraq has shown a strong commitment to eliminating trachoma by establishing a national program and coordinating efforts at the national and local levels. This commitment has been essential in mobilizing resources, raising awareness, and implementing effective interventions.

3. Scaling up interventions:
- Iraq has scaled up interventions to reach the most affected communities and populations. This includes conducting extensive screening and treatment campaigns, especially in areas with a high burden of trachoma, to ensure that everyone has access to necessary healthcare services.

4. Surveillance and monitoring:
- Iraq has established a robust surveillance and monitoring system to track the progress of trachoma elimination. This system helps identify areas with ongoing transmission and allows for targeted interventions to interrupt the spread of the disease.

5. Collaboration and partnership:
- Iraq has collaborated with international organizations, such as the WHO and non-governmental organizations, to strengthen its efforts in eliminating trachoma. This collaboration has facilitated the exchange of knowledge, technical expertise, and resources necessary for successful elimination.

Conclusion:
Iraq's recognition as the 18th country to eliminate trachoma as a public health problem is an important milestone in the global efforts to eradicate this preventable cause of blindness. It highlights the success of Iraq's healthcare system in implementing the SAFE strategy and the country's commitment to improving the health and well-being of its population.