There are several specific case studies that are frequently asked in the biogeography section of Paper I. These case studies help to illustrate different concepts and theories related to biogeography and provide valuable examples for understanding the subject. Some of these case studies include:

1. Wallace's Line:
- This case study is named after the famous naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace who discovered the distinct biogeographical boundary between the Asian and Australian regions.
- The line separates the distinct faunal and floral assemblages found in Southeast Asia and Australia.
- This case study highlights the importance of geographical barriers in shaping the distribution of species and the formation of distinct biogeographic regions.

2. MacArthur and Wilson's Equilibrium Theory:
- This case study is based on the work of Robert MacArthur and Edward O. Wilson and their theory of island biogeography.
- They studied the species richness and immigration/extinction rates on different islands to understand the factors influencing the diversity of species on islands.
- This case study demonstrates how isolation, island size, and distance from the mainland play a crucial role in determining species diversity on islands.

3. SLOSS Debate:
- SLOSS stands for Single Large or Several Small.
- This case study revolves around the debate on whether it is better to protect a single large habitat or several smaller ones to conserve biodiversity.
- It raises questions about the effectiveness of different conservation strategies and their impact on species distribution and ecological processes.

4. Island Biogeography of Madagascar:
- Madagascar is a biodiversity hotspot and a unique case study for biogeographers.
- It is home to a high level of endemism, with many species found nowhere else in the world.
- This case study explores the factors that have contributed to the unique biodiversity of Madagascar, such as its isolation, diverse habitats, and historical biogeographic events.

5. Continental Drift and Biogeography:
- The theory of continental drift, proposed by Alfred Wegener, revolutionized our understanding of biogeography.
- This case study examines how the movement of continents over millions of years has influenced the distribution and evolution of species.
- It highlights the role of plate tectonics in shaping biogeographic patterns and explains the similarities and differences between species found on different continents.

These case studies are frequently asked in the biogeography section of Paper I as they provide concrete examples and illustrations of key concepts and theories in the field. Understanding these case studies is crucial for gaining a comprehensive understanding of biogeography and its applications.