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If two numbers are each divided by the same divisor, the remainders are respectively 3 and 4. If the sum of the two numbers be divided by the same divisor, the remainder is 2. The divisor is
  • a)
    9
  • b)
    7
  • c)
    5
  • d)
    3
  • e)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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To solve this problem, we need to use the concept of modular arithmetic. Modular arithmetic deals with the remainder when a number is divided by another number, called the modulus.

Let's assume the two numbers are x and y, and the divisor is d.

The given conditions can be represented as:
x ≡ 3 (mod d) -- (1)
y ≡ 4 (mod d) -- (2)
(x + y) ≡ 2 (mod d) -- (3)

To find the value of the divisor, we need to consider the possible values of d.

1. Divisor as 3:
If d = 3, then the possible remainders when divided by 3 are 0, 1, and 2. However, the remainders given in the problem are 3 and 4, which are not possible when divided by 3. Therefore, we can rule out the divisor as 3.

2. Divisor as 7:
If d = 7, then the possible remainders when divided by 7 are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. We can check if the given remainders satisfy the conditions.

From (1), x ≡ 3 (mod 7) implies x = 7a + 3 for some integer a.
From (2), y ≡ 4 (mod 7) implies y = 7b + 4 for some integer b.
Substituting these values in (3), we get:
(7a + 3 + 7b + 4) ≡ 2 (mod 7)
(7a + 7b + 7) ≡ 2 (mod 7)
7(a + b + 1) ≡ 2 (mod 7)
7(a + b + 1) = 7k + 2 for some integer k.

Since the left-hand side is divisible by 7, the right-hand side should also be divisible by 7, which is not possible for 7k + 2. Therefore, we can rule out the divisor as 7.

3. Divisor as 5:
If d = 5, then the possible remainders when divided by 5 are 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. We can check if the given remainders satisfy the conditions.

From (1), x ≡ 3 (mod 5) implies x = 5a + 3 for some integer a.
From (2), y ≡ 4 (mod 5) implies y = 5b + 4 for some integer b.
Substituting these values in (3), we get:
(5a + 3 + 5b + 4) ≡ 2 (mod 5)
(5a + 5b + 7) ≡ 2 (mod 5)
5(a + b + 1) ≡ 2 (mod 5)
5(a + b + 1) = 5k + 2 for some integer k.

Since the left-hand side is divisible by 5, the right-hand side should also be divisible by 5. 5k + 2 satisfies this condition for certain values of k. Therefore, the divisor can be 5.

Hence,
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If two numbers are each divided by the same divisor, the remainders are respectively 3 and 4. If the sum of the two numbers be divided by the same divisor, the remainder is 2. The divisor isa)9b)7c)5d)3e)None of theseCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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