Identifying and addressing potential environmental or sustainability issues in case studies requires a systematic approach and consideration of various factors. Below are some specific techniques that can be used:

1. Conducting a comprehensive analysis:
- Start by thoroughly reviewing the case study to understand the context, goals, and challenges.
- Identify any potential environmental or sustainability issues mentioned or implied in the case study.
- Analyze the case study in relation to relevant environmental regulations, standards, and best practices.

2. Identifying key stakeholders:
- Identify the stakeholders involved in the case study, such as the company, community members, government agencies, and NGOs.
- Determine their roles, interests, and potential impacts on the environment and sustainability.

3. Applying life cycle assessment:
- Use life cycle assessment (LCA) techniques to assess the environmental impacts of the products, processes, or services described in the case study.
- Consider the entire life cycle of the product or service, including raw material extraction, manufacturing, use, and disposal.

4. Conducting environmental impact assessment:
- Evaluate the potential environmental impacts of the case study scenario, considering factors such as air and water pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, waste generation, and resource depletion.
- Use appropriate tools and methodologies to quantify and assess these impacts.

5. Considering social and economic aspects:
- Analyze the social and economic dimensions of the case study, including impacts on local communities, employment, income generation, and equity.
- Assess how these aspects are interconnected with environmental and sustainability issues.

6. Developing mitigation and adaptation strategies:
- Based on the analysis, develop strategies to mitigate the identified environmental and sustainability issues.
- Consider both short-term and long-term measures, such as improving resource efficiency, adopting cleaner technologies, implementing environmental management systems, and engaging stakeholders in decision-making processes.

7. Monitoring and evaluation:
- Establish monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to track the progress of the implemented strategies.
- Regularly assess the effectiveness of the measures in addressing the identified issues and adapt them as needed.

By following these techniques, one can effectively identify and address potential environmental or sustainability issues in case studies. This approach ensures a systematic and holistic analysis, leading to the development of appropriate strategies for sustainable and environmentally friendly solutions.