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Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.The Constitution allows for certain reasonable restrictions with respect to freedom of speech and expression on grounds such as national security, public order, decency, and morality. The IT Act prohibits uploading or sharing content which is obscene, sexually explicit, relates to child sex abuse, or violates a person’s privacy. The 2021 Rules specify certain additional restrictions on the types of information users of intermediary platforms can create, upload, or share. These include: (i) “harmful to child”, (ii) “insulting on the basis of gender”, and (iii) “knowingly and intentionally communicates any information which is patently false or misleading in nature but may reasonably be perceived as a fact”. Some of these restrictions are subjective and overbroad, and may adversely affect the freedom of speech and expression of users of intermediary platforms. The Supreme Court (2015) has held that a restriction on speech, in order to be reasonable, must be narrowly tailored so as to restrict only what is absolutely necessary. It also held that a speech can be limited on the grounds under the Constitution when it reaches the level of incitement. Other forms of speech even if offensive or unpopular remain protected under the Constitution. The Rules require the intermediaries to make these restrictions part of their service agreement with users. This implies that users must exercise prior restraint, and intermediaries may interpret and decide upon the lawfulness of content on these grounds. Such overbroad grounds under the Rules may not give a person clarity on what is restricted and may create a ‘chilling effect’ on their freedom of speech and expression. This may also lead to over-compliance from intermediaries as their exemption from liability is contingent upon observing due diligence.Q. Rahul, a devoted user of a social media platform, shared a satirical meme targeting a political leader. The meme, while not containing any explicit content, featured an offensive caption alongside the leaders image. Citing the 2021 Rules, the platform took down the post and temporarily suspended Rahuls account. Can Rahul legally contest the platforms action in court?a)Yes, because the meme did not violate any of the reasonable restrictions outlined in the Constitution or the IT Act.b)No, because the platform has the authority to enforce its terms of service agreement with its users.c)Yes, because the 2021 Rules encompass broad and subjective restrictions that could potentially infringe upon users freedom of speech and expression.d)No, because the meme insulted a political leader and, therefore, falls under the "insulting on the basis of gender" restriction within the 2021 Rules.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.The Constitution allows for certain reasonable restrictions with respect to freedom of speech and expression on grounds such as national security, public order, decency, and morality. The IT Act prohibits uploading or sharing content which is obscene, sexually explicit, relates to child sex abuse, or violates a person’s privacy. The 2021 Rules specify certain additional restrictions on the types of information users of intermediary platforms can create, upload, or share. These include: (i) “harmful to child”, (ii) “insulting on the basis of gender”, and (iii) “knowingly and intentionally communicates any information which is patently false or misleading in nature but may reasonably be perceived as a fact”. Some of these restrictions are subjective and overbroad, and may adversely affect the freedom of speech and expression of users of intermediary platforms. The Supreme Court (2015) has held that a restriction on speech, in order to be reasonable, must be narrowly tailored so as to restrict only what is absolutely necessary. It also held that a speech can be limited on the grounds under the Constitution when it reaches the level of incitement. Other forms of speech even if offensive or unpopular remain protected under the Constitution. The Rules require the intermediaries to make these restrictions part of their service agreement with users. This implies that users must exercise prior restraint, and intermediaries may interpret and decide upon the lawfulness of content on these grounds. Such overbroad grounds under the Rules may not give a person clarity on what is restricted and may create a ‘chilling effect’ on their freedom of speech and expression. This may also lead to over-compliance from intermediaries as their exemption from liability is contingent upon observing due diligence.Q. Rahul, a devoted user of a social media platform, shared a satirical meme targeting a political leader. The meme, while not containing any explicit content, featured an offensive caption alongside the leaders image. Citing the 2021 Rules, the platform took down the post and temporarily suspended Rahuls account. Can Rahul legally contest the platforms action in court?a)Yes, because the meme did not violate any of the reasonable restrictions outlined in the Constitution or the IT Act.b)No, because the platform has the authority to enforce its terms of service agreement with its users.c)Yes, because the 2021 Rules encompass broad and subjective restrictions that could potentially infringe upon users freedom of speech and expression.d)No, because the meme insulted a political leader and, therefore, falls under the "insulting on the basis of gender" restriction within the 2021 Rules.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.The Constitution allows for certain reasonable restrictions with respect to freedom of speech and expression on grounds such as national security, public order, decency, and morality. The IT Act prohibits uploading or sharing content which is obscene, sexually explicit, relates to child sex abuse, or violates a person’s privacy. The 2021 Rules specify certain additional restrictions on the types of information users of intermediary platforms can create, upload, or share. These include: (i) “harmful to child”, (ii) “insulting on the basis of gender”, and (iii) “knowingly and intentionally communicates any information which is patently false or misleading in nature but may reasonably be perceived as a fact”. Some of these restrictions are subjective and overbroad, and may adversely affect the freedom of speech and expression of users of intermediary platforms. The Supreme Court (2015) has held that a restriction on speech, in order to be reasonable, must be narrowly tailored so as to restrict only what is absolutely necessary. It also held that a speech can be limited on the grounds under the Constitution when it reaches the level of incitement. Other forms of speech even if offensive or unpopular remain protected under the Constitution. The Rules require the intermediaries to make these restrictions part of their service agreement with users. This implies that users must exercise prior restraint, and intermediaries may interpret and decide upon the lawfulness of content on these grounds. Such overbroad grounds under the Rules may not give a person clarity on what is restricted and may create a ‘chilling effect’ on their freedom of speech and expression. This may also lead to over-compliance from intermediaries as their exemption from liability is contingent upon observing due diligence.Q. Rahul, a devoted user of a social media platform, shared a satirical meme targeting a political leader. The meme, while not containing any explicit content, featured an offensive caption alongside the leaders image. Citing the 2021 Rules, the platform took down the post and temporarily suspended Rahuls account. Can Rahul legally contest the platforms action in court?a)Yes, because the meme did not violate any of the reasonable restrictions outlined in the Constitution or the IT Act.b)No, because the platform has the authority to enforce its terms of service agreement with its users.c)Yes, because the 2021 Rules encompass broad and subjective restrictions that could potentially infringe upon users freedom of speech and expression.d)No, because the meme insulted a political leader and, therefore, falls under the "insulting on the basis of gender" restriction within the 2021 Rules.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.

Solutions for Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.The Constitution allows for certain reasonable restrictions with respect to freedom of speech and expression on grounds such as national security, public order, decency, and morality. The IT Act prohibits uploading or sharing content which is obscene, sexually explicit, relates to child sex abuse, or violates a person’s privacy. The 2021 Rules specify certain additional restrictions on the types of information users of intermediary platforms can create, upload, or share. These include: (i) “harmful to child”, (ii) “insulting on the basis of gender”, and (iii) “knowingly and intentionally communicates any information which is patently false or misleading in nature but may reasonably be perceived as a fact”. Some of these restrictions are subjective and overbroad, and may adversely affect the freedom of speech and expression of users of intermediary platforms. The Supreme Court (2015) has held that a restriction on speech, in order to be reasonable, must be narrowly tailored so as to restrict only what is absolutely necessary. It also held that a speech can be limited on the grounds under the Constitution when it reaches the level of incitement. Other forms of speech even if offensive or unpopular remain protected under the Constitution. The Rules require the intermediaries to make these restrictions part of their service agreement with users. This implies that users must exercise prior restraint, and intermediaries may interpret and decide upon the lawfulness of content on these grounds. Such overbroad grounds under the Rules may not give a person clarity on what is restricted and may create a ‘chilling effect’ on their freedom of speech and expression. This may also lead to over-compliance from intermediaries as their exemption from liability is contingent upon observing due diligence.Q. Rahul, a devoted user of a social media platform, shared a satirical meme targeting a political leader. The meme, while not containing any explicit content, featured an offensive caption alongside the leaders image. Citing the 2021 Rules, the platform took down the post and temporarily suspended Rahuls account. Can Rahul legally contest the platforms action in court?a)Yes, because the meme did not violate any of the reasonable restrictions outlined in the Constitution or the IT Act.b)No, because the platform has the authority to enforce its terms of service agreement with its users.c)Yes, because the 2021 Rules encompass broad and subjective restrictions that could potentially infringe upon users freedom of speech and expression.d)No, because the meme insulted a political leader and, therefore, falls under the "insulting on the basis of gender" restriction within the 2021 Rules.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CLAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CLAT Exam by signing up for free.

Here you can find the meaning of Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.The Constitution allows for certain reasonable restrictions with respect to freedom of speech and expression on grounds such as national security, public order, decency, and morality. The IT Act prohibits uploading or sharing content which is obscene, sexually explicit, relates to child sex abuse, or violates a person’s privacy. The 2021 Rules specify certain additional restrictions on the types of information users of intermediary platforms can create, upload, or share. These include: (i) “harmful to child”, (ii) “insulting on the basis of gender”, and (iii) “knowingly and intentionally communicates any information which is patently false or misleading in nature but may reasonably be perceived as a fact”. Some of these restrictions are subjective and overbroad, and may adversely affect the freedom of speech and expression of users of intermediary platforms. The Supreme Court (2015) has held that a restriction on speech, in order to be reasonable, must be narrowly tailored so as to restrict only what is absolutely necessary. It also held that a speech can be limited on the grounds under the Constitution when it reaches the level of incitement. Other forms of speech even if offensive or unpopular remain protected under the Constitution. The Rules require the intermediaries to make these restrictions part of their service agreement with users. This implies that users must exercise prior restraint, and intermediaries may interpret and decide upon the lawfulness of content on these grounds. Such overbroad grounds under the Rules may not give a person clarity on what is restricted and may create a ‘chilling effect’ on their freedom of speech and expression. This may also lead to over-compliance from intermediaries as their exemption from liability is contingent upon observing due diligence.Q. Rahul, a devoted user of a social media platform, shared a satirical meme targeting a political leader. The meme, while not containing any explicit content, featured an offensive caption alongside the leaders image. Citing the 2021 Rules, the platform took down the post and temporarily suspended Rahuls account. Can Rahul legally contest the platforms action in court?a)Yes, because the meme did not violate any of the reasonable restrictions outlined in the Constitution or the IT Act.b)No, because the platform has the authority to enforce its terms of service agreement with its users.c)Yes, because the 2021 Rules encompass broad and subjective restrictions that could potentially infringe upon users freedom of speech and expression.d)No, because the meme insulted a political leader and, therefore, falls under the "insulting on the basis of gender" restriction within the 2021 Rules.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.The Constitution allows for certain reasonable restrictions with respect to freedom of speech and expression on grounds such as national security, public order, decency, and morality. The IT Act prohibits uploading or sharing content which is obscene, sexually explicit, relates to child sex abuse, or violates a person’s privacy. The 2021 Rules specify certain additional restrictions on the types of information users of intermediary platforms can create, upload, or share. These include: (i) “harmful to child”, (ii) “insulting on the basis of gender”, and (iii) “knowingly and intentionally communicates any information which is patently false or misleading in nature but may reasonably be perceived as a fact”. Some of these restrictions are subjective and overbroad, and may adversely affect the freedom of speech and expression of users of intermediary platforms. The Supreme Court (2015) has held that a restriction on speech, in order to be reasonable, must be narrowly tailored so as to restrict only what is absolutely necessary. It also held that a speech can be limited on the grounds under the Constitution when it reaches the level of incitement. Other forms of speech even if offensive or unpopular remain protected under the Constitution. The Rules require the intermediaries to make these restrictions part of their service agreement with users. This implies that users must exercise prior restraint, and intermediaries may interpret and decide upon the lawfulness of content on these grounds. Such overbroad grounds under the Rules may not give a person clarity on what is restricted and may create a ‘chilling effect’ on their freedom of speech and expression. This may also lead to over-compliance from intermediaries as their exemption from liability is contingent upon observing due diligence.Q. Rahul, a devoted user of a social media platform, shared a satirical meme targeting a political leader. The meme, while not containing any explicit content, featured an offensive caption alongside the leaders image. Citing the 2021 Rules, the platform took down the post and temporarily suspended Rahuls account. Can Rahul legally contest the platforms action in court?a)Yes, because the meme did not violate any of the reasonable restrictions outlined in the Constitution or the IT Act.b)No, because the platform has the authority to enforce its terms of service agreement with its users.c)Yes, because the 2021 Rules encompass broad and subjective restrictions that could potentially infringe upon users freedom of speech and expression.d)No, because the meme insulted a political leader and, therefore, falls under the "insulting on the basis of gender" restriction within the 2021 Rules.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.The Constitution allows for certain reasonable restrictions with respect to freedom of speech and expression on grounds such as national security, public order, decency, and morality. The IT Act prohibits uploading or sharing content which is obscene, sexually explicit, relates to child sex abuse, or violates a person’s privacy. The 2021 Rules specify certain additional restrictions on the types of information users of intermediary platforms can create, upload, or share. These include: (i) “harmful to child”, (ii) “insulting on the basis of gender”, and (iii) “knowingly and intentionally communicates any information which is patently false or misleading in nature but may reasonably be perceived as a fact”. Some of these restrictions are subjective and overbroad, and may adversely affect the freedom of speech and expression of users of intermediary platforms. The Supreme Court (2015) has held that a restriction on speech, in order to be reasonable, must be narrowly tailored so as to restrict only what is absolutely necessary. It also held that a speech can be limited on the grounds under the Constitution when it reaches the level of incitement. Other forms of speech even if offensive or unpopular remain protected under the Constitution. The Rules require the intermediaries to make these restrictions part of their service agreement with users. This implies that users must exercise prior restraint, and intermediaries may interpret and decide upon the lawfulness of content on these grounds. Such overbroad grounds under the Rules may not give a person clarity on what is restricted and may create a ‘chilling effect’ on their freedom of speech and expression. This may also lead to over-compliance from intermediaries as their exemption from liability is contingent upon observing due diligence.Q. Rahul, a devoted user of a social media platform, shared a satirical meme targeting a political leader. The meme, while not containing any explicit content, featured an offensive caption alongside the leaders image. Citing the 2021 Rules, the platform took down the post and temporarily suspended Rahuls account. Can Rahul legally contest the platforms action in court?a)Yes, because the meme did not violate any of the reasonable restrictions outlined in the Constitution or the IT Act.b)No, because the platform has the authority to enforce its terms of service agreement with its users.c)Yes, because the 2021 Rules encompass broad and subjective restrictions that could potentially infringe upon users freedom of speech and expression.d)No, because the meme insulted a political leader and, therefore, falls under the "insulting on the basis of gender" restriction within the 2021 Rules.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.The Constitution allows for certain reasonable restrictions with respect to freedom of speech and expression on grounds such as national security, public order, decency, and morality. The IT Act prohibits uploading or sharing content which is obscene, sexually explicit, relates to child sex abuse, or violates a person’s privacy. The 2021 Rules specify certain additional restrictions on the types of information users of intermediary platforms can create, upload, or share. These include: (i) “harmful to child”, (ii) “insulting on the basis of gender”, and (iii) “knowingly and intentionally communicates any information which is patently false or misleading in nature but may reasonably be perceived as a fact”. Some of these restrictions are subjective and overbroad, and may adversely affect the freedom of speech and expression of users of intermediary platforms. The Supreme Court (2015) has held that a restriction on speech, in order to be reasonable, must be narrowly tailored so as to restrict only what is absolutely necessary. It also held that a speech can be limited on the grounds under the Constitution when it reaches the level of incitement. Other forms of speech even if offensive or unpopular remain protected under the Constitution. The Rules require the intermediaries to make these restrictions part of their service agreement with users. This implies that users must exercise prior restraint, and intermediaries may interpret and decide upon the lawfulness of content on these grounds. Such overbroad grounds under the Rules may not give a person clarity on what is restricted and may create a ‘chilling effect’ on their freedom of speech and expression. This may also lead to over-compliance from intermediaries as their exemption from liability is contingent upon observing due diligence.Q. Rahul, a devoted user of a social media platform, shared a satirical meme targeting a political leader. The meme, while not containing any explicit content, featured an offensive caption alongside the leaders image. Citing the 2021 Rules, the platform took down the post and temporarily suspended Rahuls account. Can Rahul legally contest the platforms action in court?a)Yes, because the meme did not violate any of the reasonable restrictions outlined in the Constitution or the IT Act.b)No, because the platform has the authority to enforce its terms of service agreement with its users.c)Yes, because the 2021 Rules encompass broad and subjective restrictions that could potentially infringe upon users freedom of speech and expression.d)No, because the meme insulted a political leader and, therefore, falls under the "insulting on the basis of gender" restriction within the 2021 Rules.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Directions: Kindly read the passage carefully and answer the questions given beside.The Constitution allows for certain reasonable restrictions with respect to freedom of speech and expression on grounds such as national security, public order, decency, and morality. The IT Act prohibits uploading or sharing content which is obscene, sexually explicit, relates to child sex abuse, or violates a person’s privacy. The 2021 Rules specify certain additional restrictions on the types of information users of intermediary platforms can create, upload, or share. These include: (i) “harmful to child”, (ii) “insulting on the basis of gender”, and (iii) “knowingly and intentionally communicates any information which is patently false or misleading in nature but may reasonably be perceived as a fact”. Some of these restrictions are subjective and overbroad, and may adversely affect the freedom of speech and expression of users of intermediary platforms. The Supreme Court (2015) has held that a restriction on speech, in order to be reasonable, must be narrowly tailored so as to restrict only what is absolutely necessary. It also held that a speech can be limited on the grounds under the Constitution when it reaches the level of incitement. Other forms of speech even if offensive or unpopular remain protected under the Constitution. The Rules require the intermediaries to make these restrictions part of their service agreement with users. This implies that users must exercise prior restraint, and intermediaries may interpret and decide upon the lawfulness of content on these grounds. Such overbroad grounds under the Rules may not give a person clarity on what is restricted and may create a ‘chilling effect’ on their freedom of speech and expression. This may also lead to over-compliance from intermediaries as their exemption from liability is contingent upon observing due diligence.Q. Rahul, a devoted user of a social media platform, shared a satirical meme targeting a political leader. The meme, while not containing any explicit content, featured an offensive caption alongside the leaders image. Citing the 2021 Rules, the platform took down the post and temporarily suspended Rahuls account. Can Rahul legally contest the platforms action in court?a)Yes, because the meme did not violate any of the reasonable restrictions outlined in the Constitution or the IT Act.b)No, because the platform has the authority to enforce its terms of service agreement with its users.c)Yes, because the 2021 Rules encompass broad and subjective restrictions that could potentially infringe upon users freedom of speech and expression.d)No, because the meme insulted a political leader and, therefore, falls under the "insulting on the basis of gender" restriction within the 2021 Rules.Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CLAT tests.