Answer:

Introduction:
The country with a flag featuring a maple leaf is Canada. The maple leaf has become one of the most iconic symbols of Canada and is prominently displayed on the national flag.

Explanation:
Canada's flag is a simple design consisting of a red field with a white square in the center. Inside the white square is a stylized, 11-pointed red maple leaf. The flag was officially adopted on February 15, 1965, after a long process of debate and design proposals.

Significance of the Maple Leaf:
The maple leaf has deep roots in Canadian history and culture. It has long been associated with Canada and symbolizes the country's natural beauty, resilience, and unity. The maple leaf is also a symbol of peace and tolerance.

History of the Canadian Flag:
Before the current flag was adopted, Canada used various versions of the Red Ensign, a flag that featured the Union Jack in the canton and a coat of arms or other emblems on the fly. However, as Canada sought to establish a distinct national identity, there was a growing consensus that a new flag was needed.

Design Competition:
In 1964, the Canadian government launched a nationwide design competition to choose a new flag. Thousands of designs were submitted, and a special committee was formed to review the proposals. The committee eventually selected a design by George F. G. Stanley and John Matheson, which featured the single red maple leaf on a white square.

Adoption and Controversy:
The new flag design faced significant controversy and debate, particularly due to its lack of any reference to Canada's British heritage. Some Canadians felt that the Union Jack should continue to be a part of the national flag. However, after a heated parliamentary debate, the design was approved and officially adopted in 1965.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the country with a flag featuring a maple leaf is Canada. The maple leaf is a symbol of Canadian identity, representing the country's natural beauty, unity, and values. The adoption of the current flag in 1965 was a significant milestone in Canada's history and helped solidify its distinct national identity.