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Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Data privacy can take the form of non-price competition and abuse of dominance can lower privacy protection, a study by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has said.The study also made observations about other non-price factors such as quality of service (QoS), data speeds and bundled offerings, which are likely to be the new drivers of competitive rivalry between service providers in telecom sector in addition to just price.CCI noted that an aspect of data in the context of competition in digital communications market is the conflict between allowing access and protecting consumer privacy.Privacy can take the form of non-price competition, it said. Abuse of dominance can take the form of lowering the privacy protection and therefore falls within the ambit of antitrust as low privacy standard implies lack of consumer welfare. On other non-price factors of competition, CCI found that consumers ranked network coverage at the top followed by customer service, tariff packaging and lower tariffs as the most important factors for the preference of a particular network.Non-price competition refers to competition between companies that focuses on benefits, extra services, good workmanship, product quality - plus all other features and measures that do not involve altering prices. It contrasts with price competition, in which rivals try to gain market share by reducing their prices. Non-price competition is often adopted by the competing players in a sector in order to prevent a price war, which can lead to a damaging spiral of price cuts.Non-price competition is a marketing strategy that typically includes promotional expenditures such as sales staff, sales promotions, special orders, free gifts, coupons, and advertising.Dominance is not considered bad per se but its abuse is. Abuse is stated to occur when an enterprise or a group of enterprises uses its dominant position in the relevant market in an exclusionary or/and an exploitative manner.[Extracted with edits and revisions from, Data privacy can take form of non-price competition, The Hindu, January 26, 2021, and Market business news]Q. A significant telecommunications company opted to lower the price of its data package while concurrently decreasing the data speed. This scenario illustrates:a)Non-price competition due to the reduction in data speed.b)Price competition as the cost of the data package is adjusted.c)An abuse of dominance, given its status as a major player in the telecommunications industry.d)All of the above options.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Data privacy can take the form of non-price competition and abuse of dominance can lower privacy protection, a study by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has said.The study also made observations about other non-price factors such as quality of service (QoS), data speeds and bundled offerings, which are likely to be the new drivers of competitive rivalry between service providers in telecom sector in addition to just price.CCI noted that an aspect of data in the context of competition in digital communications market is the conflict between allowing access and protecting consumer privacy.Privacy can take the form of non-price competition, it said. Abuse of dominance can take the form of lowering the privacy protection and therefore falls within the ambit of antitrust as low privacy standard implies lack of consumer welfare. On other non-price factors of competition, CCI found that consumers ranked network coverage at the top followed by customer service, tariff packaging and lower tariffs as the most important factors for the preference of a particular network.Non-price competition refers to competition between companies that focuses on benefits, extra services, good workmanship, product quality - plus all other features and measures that do not involve altering prices. It contrasts with price competition, in which rivals try to gain market share by reducing their prices. Non-price competition is often adopted by the competing players in a sector in order to prevent a price war, which can lead to a damaging spiral of price cuts.Non-price competition is a marketing strategy that typically includes promotional expenditures such as sales staff, sales promotions, special orders, free gifts, coupons, and advertising.Dominance is not considered bad per se but its abuse is. Abuse is stated to occur when an enterprise or a group of enterprises uses its dominant position in the relevant market in an exclusionary or/and an exploitative manner.[Extracted with edits and revisions from, Data privacy can take form of non-price competition, The Hindu, January 26, 2021, and Market business news]Q. A significant telecommunications company opted to lower the price of its data package while concurrently decreasing the data speed. This scenario illustrates:a)Non-price competition due to the reduction in data speed.b)Price competition as the cost of the data package is adjusted.c)An abuse of dominance, given its status as a major player in the telecommunications industry.d)All of the above options.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Data privacy can take the form of non-price competition and abuse of dominance can lower privacy protection, a study by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has said.The study also made observations about other non-price factors such as quality of service (QoS), data speeds and bundled offerings, which are likely to be the new drivers of competitive rivalry between service providers in telecom sector in addition to just price.CCI noted that an aspect of data in the context of competition in digital communications market is the conflict between allowing access and protecting consumer privacy.Privacy can take the form of non-price competition, it said. Abuse of dominance can take the form of lowering the privacy protection and therefore falls within the ambit of antitrust as low privacy standard implies lack of consumer welfare. On other non-price factors of competition, CCI found that consumers ranked network coverage at the top followed by customer service, tariff packaging and lower tariffs as the most important factors for the preference of a particular network.Non-price competition refers to competition between companies that focuses on benefits, extra services, good workmanship, product quality - plus all other features and measures that do not involve altering prices. It contrasts with price competition, in which rivals try to gain market share by reducing their prices. Non-price competition is often adopted by the competing players in a sector in order to prevent a price war, which can lead to a damaging spiral of price cuts.Non-price competition is a marketing strategy that typically includes promotional expenditures such as sales staff, sales promotions, special orders, free gifts, coupons, and advertising.Dominance is not considered bad per se but its abuse is. Abuse is stated to occur when an enterprise or a group of enterprises uses its dominant position in the relevant market in an exclusionary or/and an exploitative manner.[Extracted with edits and revisions from, Data privacy can take form of non-price competition, The Hindu, January 26, 2021, and Market business news]Q. A significant telecommunications company opted to lower the price of its data package while concurrently decreasing the data speed. This scenario illustrates:a)Non-price competition due to the reduction in data speed.b)Price competition as the cost of the data package is adjusted.c)An abuse of dominance, given its status as a major player in the telecommunications industry.d)All of the above options.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?.

Solutions for Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Data privacy can take the form of non-price competition and abuse of dominance can lower privacy protection, a study by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has said.The study also made observations about other non-price factors such as quality of service (QoS), data speeds and bundled offerings, which are likely to be the new drivers of competitive rivalry between service providers in telecom sector in addition to just price.CCI noted that an aspect of data in the context of competition in digital communications market is the conflict between allowing access and protecting consumer privacy.Privacy can take the form of non-price competition, it said. Abuse of dominance can take the form of lowering the privacy protection and therefore falls within the ambit of antitrust as low privacy standard implies lack of consumer welfare. On other non-price factors of competition, CCI found that consumers ranked network coverage at the top followed by customer service, tariff packaging and lower tariffs as the most important factors for the preference of a particular network.Non-price competition refers to competition between companies that focuses on benefits, extra services, good workmanship, product quality - plus all other features and measures that do not involve altering prices. It contrasts with price competition, in which rivals try to gain market share by reducing their prices. Non-price competition is often adopted by the competing players in a sector in order to prevent a price war, which can lead to a damaging spiral of price cuts.Non-price competition is a marketing strategy that typically includes promotional expenditures such as sales staff, sales promotions, special orders, free gifts, coupons, and advertising.Dominance is not considered bad per se but its abuse is. Abuse is stated to occur when an enterprise or a group of enterprises uses its dominant position in the relevant market in an exclusionary or/and an exploitative manner.[Extracted with edits and revisions from, Data privacy can take form of non-price competition, The Hindu, January 26, 2021, and Market business news]Q. A significant telecommunications company opted to lower the price of its data package while concurrently decreasing the data speed. This scenario illustrates:a)Non-price competition due to the reduction in data speed.b)Price competition as the cost of the data package is adjusted.c)An abuse of dominance, given its status as a major player in the telecommunications industry.d)All of the above options.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? in English & in Hindi are available as part of our courses for CLAT. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for CLAT Exam by signing up for free.

Here you can find the meaning of Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Data privacy can take the form of non-price competition and abuse of dominance can lower privacy protection, a study by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has said.The study also made observations about other non-price factors such as quality of service (QoS), data speeds and bundled offerings, which are likely to be the new drivers of competitive rivalry between service providers in telecom sector in addition to just price.CCI noted that an aspect of data in the context of competition in digital communications market is the conflict between allowing access and protecting consumer privacy.Privacy can take the form of non-price competition, it said. Abuse of dominance can take the form of lowering the privacy protection and therefore falls within the ambit of antitrust as low privacy standard implies lack of consumer welfare. On other non-price factors of competition, CCI found that consumers ranked network coverage at the top followed by customer service, tariff packaging and lower tariffs as the most important factors for the preference of a particular network.Non-price competition refers to competition between companies that focuses on benefits, extra services, good workmanship, product quality - plus all other features and measures that do not involve altering prices. It contrasts with price competition, in which rivals try to gain market share by reducing their prices. Non-price competition is often adopted by the competing players in a sector in order to prevent a price war, which can lead to a damaging spiral of price cuts.Non-price competition is a marketing strategy that typically includes promotional expenditures such as sales staff, sales promotions, special orders, free gifts, coupons, and advertising.Dominance is not considered bad per se but its abuse is. Abuse is stated to occur when an enterprise or a group of enterprises uses its dominant position in the relevant market in an exclusionary or/and an exploitative manner.[Extracted with edits and revisions from, Data privacy can take form of non-price competition, The Hindu, January 26, 2021, and Market business news]Q. A significant telecommunications company opted to lower the price of its data package while concurrently decreasing the data speed. This scenario illustrates:a)Non-price competition due to the reduction in data speed.b)Price competition as the cost of the data package is adjusted.c)An abuse of dominance, given its status as a major player in the telecommunications industry.d)All of the above options.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? defined & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving the explanation of Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Data privacy can take the form of non-price competition and abuse of dominance can lower privacy protection, a study by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has said.The study also made observations about other non-price factors such as quality of service (QoS), data speeds and bundled offerings, which are likely to be the new drivers of competitive rivalry between service providers in telecom sector in addition to just price.CCI noted that an aspect of data in the context of competition in digital communications market is the conflict between allowing access and protecting consumer privacy.Privacy can take the form of non-price competition, it said. Abuse of dominance can take the form of lowering the privacy protection and therefore falls within the ambit of antitrust as low privacy standard implies lack of consumer welfare. On other non-price factors of competition, CCI found that consumers ranked network coverage at the top followed by customer service, tariff packaging and lower tariffs as the most important factors for the preference of a particular network.Non-price competition refers to competition between companies that focuses on benefits, extra services, good workmanship, product quality - plus all other features and measures that do not involve altering prices. It contrasts with price competition, in which rivals try to gain market share by reducing their prices. Non-price competition is often adopted by the competing players in a sector in order to prevent a price war, which can lead to a damaging spiral of price cuts.Non-price competition is a marketing strategy that typically includes promotional expenditures such as sales staff, sales promotions, special orders, free gifts, coupons, and advertising.Dominance is not considered bad per se but its abuse is. Abuse is stated to occur when an enterprise or a group of enterprises uses its dominant position in the relevant market in an exclusionary or/and an exploitative manner.[Extracted with edits and revisions from, Data privacy can take form of non-price competition, The Hindu, January 26, 2021, and Market business news]Q. A significant telecommunications company opted to lower the price of its data package while concurrently decreasing the data speed. This scenario illustrates:a)Non-price competition due to the reduction in data speed.b)Price competition as the cost of the data package is adjusted.c)An abuse of dominance, given its status as a major player in the telecommunications industry.d)All of the above options.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?, a detailed solution for Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Data privacy can take the form of non-price competition and abuse of dominance can lower privacy protection, a study by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has said.The study also made observations about other non-price factors such as quality of service (QoS), data speeds and bundled offerings, which are likely to be the new drivers of competitive rivalry between service providers in telecom sector in addition to just price.CCI noted that an aspect of data in the context of competition in digital communications market is the conflict between allowing access and protecting consumer privacy.Privacy can take the form of non-price competition, it said. Abuse of dominance can take the form of lowering the privacy protection and therefore falls within the ambit of antitrust as low privacy standard implies lack of consumer welfare. On other non-price factors of competition, CCI found that consumers ranked network coverage at the top followed by customer service, tariff packaging and lower tariffs as the most important factors for the preference of a particular network.Non-price competition refers to competition between companies that focuses on benefits, extra services, good workmanship, product quality - plus all other features and measures that do not involve altering prices. It contrasts with price competition, in which rivals try to gain market share by reducing their prices. Non-price competition is often adopted by the competing players in a sector in order to prevent a price war, which can lead to a damaging spiral of price cuts.Non-price competition is a marketing strategy that typically includes promotional expenditures such as sales staff, sales promotions, special orders, free gifts, coupons, and advertising.Dominance is not considered bad per se but its abuse is. Abuse is stated to occur when an enterprise or a group of enterprises uses its dominant position in the relevant market in an exclusionary or/and an exploitative manner.[Extracted with edits and revisions from, Data privacy can take form of non-price competition, The Hindu, January 26, 2021, and Market business news]Q. A significant telecommunications company opted to lower the price of its data package while concurrently decreasing the data speed. This scenario illustrates:a)Non-price competition due to the reduction in data speed.b)Price competition as the cost of the data package is adjusted.c)An abuse of dominance, given its status as a major player in the telecommunications industry.d)All of the above options.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? has been provided alongside types of Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Data privacy can take the form of non-price competition and abuse of dominance can lower privacy protection, a study by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has said.The study also made observations about other non-price factors such as quality of service (QoS), data speeds and bundled offerings, which are likely to be the new drivers of competitive rivalry between service providers in telecom sector in addition to just price.CCI noted that an aspect of data in the context of competition in digital communications market is the conflict between allowing access and protecting consumer privacy.Privacy can take the form of non-price competition, it said. Abuse of dominance can take the form of lowering the privacy protection and therefore falls within the ambit of antitrust as low privacy standard implies lack of consumer welfare. On other non-price factors of competition, CCI found that consumers ranked network coverage at the top followed by customer service, tariff packaging and lower tariffs as the most important factors for the preference of a particular network.Non-price competition refers to competition between companies that focuses on benefits, extra services, good workmanship, product quality - plus all other features and measures that do not involve altering prices. It contrasts with price competition, in which rivals try to gain market share by reducing their prices. Non-price competition is often adopted by the competing players in a sector in order to prevent a price war, which can lead to a damaging spiral of price cuts.Non-price competition is a marketing strategy that typically includes promotional expenditures such as sales staff, sales promotions, special orders, free gifts, coupons, and advertising.Dominance is not considered bad per se but its abuse is. Abuse is stated to occur when an enterprise or a group of enterprises uses its dominant position in the relevant market in an exclusionary or/and an exploitative manner.[Extracted with edits and revisions from, Data privacy can take form of non-price competition, The Hindu, January 26, 2021, and Market business news]Q. A significant telecommunications company opted to lower the price of its data package while concurrently decreasing the data speed. This scenario illustrates:a)Non-price competition due to the reduction in data speed.b)Price competition as the cost of the data package is adjusted.c)An abuse of dominance, given its status as a major player in the telecommunications industry.d)All of the above options.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? theory, EduRev gives you an ample number of questions to practice Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question.Data privacy can take the form of non-price competition and abuse of dominance can lower privacy protection, a study by the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has said.The study also made observations about other non-price factors such as quality of service (QoS), data speeds and bundled offerings, which are likely to be the new drivers of competitive rivalry between service providers in telecom sector in addition to just price.CCI noted that an aspect of data in the context of competition in digital communications market is the conflict between allowing access and protecting consumer privacy.Privacy can take the form of non-price competition, it said. Abuse of dominance can take the form of lowering the privacy protection and therefore falls within the ambit of antitrust as low privacy standard implies lack of consumer welfare. On other non-price factors of competition, CCI found that consumers ranked network coverage at the top followed by customer service, tariff packaging and lower tariffs as the most important factors for the preference of a particular network.Non-price competition refers to competition between companies that focuses on benefits, extra services, good workmanship, product quality - plus all other features and measures that do not involve altering prices. It contrasts with price competition, in which rivals try to gain market share by reducing their prices. Non-price competition is often adopted by the competing players in a sector in order to prevent a price war, which can lead to a damaging spiral of price cuts.Non-price competition is a marketing strategy that typically includes promotional expenditures such as sales staff, sales promotions, special orders, free gifts, coupons, and advertising.Dominance is not considered bad per se but its abuse is. Abuse is stated to occur when an enterprise or a group of enterprises uses its dominant position in the relevant market in an exclusionary or/and an exploitative manner.[Extracted with edits and revisions from, Data privacy can take form of non-price competition, The Hindu, January 26, 2021, and Market business news]Q. A significant telecommunications company opted to lower the price of its data package while concurrently decreasing the data speed. This scenario illustrates:a)Non-price competition due to the reduction in data speed.b)Price competition as the cost of the data package is adjusted.c)An abuse of dominance, given its status as a major player in the telecommunications industry.d)All of the above options.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer? tests, examples and also practice CLAT tests.