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In cadmium copper conductors, addition of 1% to 2% cadmium to copper increases the tensile strength by approximately __________.
  • a)
    25%
  • b)
    95%
  • c)
    50%
  • d)
    75%
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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In cadmium copper conductors, addition of 1% to 2% cadmium to copper i...
Conductor Material (Cadmium copper):
  • Copper was the preferred material for overhead conductors in earlier days, but, aluminum has replaced copper because of the much lower cost and lighter weight of the aluminum conductor compared with a copper conductor of the same resistance. 
  • But due to the low weight of aluminum, when it is used as overhead conductors for a long span, a considerable amount of sag is produced.
  • So, cadmium copper conductors are preferred conductors for long distances.
  • Cadmium-copper alloys contain approximately 98 to 99% of copper and up to 1.5% of cadmium.
  • The addition of about 1% of cadmium to copper increases the tensile strength by up to 50%.
  • Therefore, cadmium-copper conductors can be useful for exceptionally long spans.
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In cadmium copper conductors, addition of 1% to 2% cadmium to copper i...
Tensile Strength of Cadmium Copper Conductors


Cadmium copper conductors are a type of copper alloy that contain small amounts of cadmium. This addition of cadmium to copper has a significant impact on the tensile strength of the conductor. Let's explore this in detail:


1. Cadmium Copper Conductors


Cadmium copper conductors are typically used in applications where high strength and conductivity are required. The addition of cadmium to copper alters the properties of the alloy, making it more suitable for specific applications.


2. Tensile Strength


Tensile strength is a measure of the maximum stress that a material can withstand before it breaks or deforms. In the context of cadmium copper conductors, it refers to the ability of the conductor to withstand tension or stretching without breaking.


3. Effect of Cadmium Addition


The addition of 1% to 2% cadmium to copper has been found to increase the tensile strength of the alloy. This increase in tensile strength is due to several factors:



  • Solid Solution Strengthening: When cadmium is added to copper, it forms a solid solution. This solid solution strengthens the matrix of the alloy by hindering the movement of dislocations, which are defects in the crystal lattice. This hindrance to dislocation movement increases the material's resistance to deformation and improves its tensile strength.

  • Grain Refinement: The addition of cadmium also leads to grain refinement in the alloy. Grain refinement refers to the reduction in the size of the crystal grains in the material. Smaller grain size improves the material's strength and toughness, including its tensile strength.

  • Improved Work Hardening: Cadmium copper conductors exhibit improved work hardening characteristics compared to pure copper. Work hardening is the increase in strength and hardness of a material as it is deformed. The addition of cadmium enhances the work hardening behavior, thereby increasing the tensile strength of the conductor.



4. Tensile Strength Increase


The addition of 1% to 2% cadmium to copper increases the tensile strength of the conductor by approximately 50%. This means that the alloy can withstand 50% more stress or tension before breaking compared to pure copper.


It is important to note that the exact increase in tensile strength may vary depending on the specific composition and processing conditions of the cadmium copper conductor. However, on average, a 1% to 2% cadmium addition results in a 50% increase in tensile strength.


Overall, the addition of cadmium to copper in cadmium copper conductors significantly enhances their tensile strength, making them suitable for applications that require high strength and conductivity.
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In cadmium copper conductors, addition of 1% to 2% cadmium to copper increases the tensile strength by approximately __________.a)25%b)95%c)50%d)75%Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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