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Hydrogen bond plays a vital role in determining substance properties and structure. Which of the following may not an example?
  • a)
    Proteins
  • b)
    Nucleic acids
  • c)
    Methane molecule
  • d)
    Water
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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Verified Answer
Hydrogen bond plays a vital role in determining substance properties a...
As per the above statement, substance properties and structure is determined as per the hydrogen bond present in them, but in a methane molecule, there is no hydrogen bond. So it may not be an example.
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Hydrogen bond plays a vital role in determining substance properties a...
Explanation:

Hydrogen bond:
- A hydrogen bond is a type of attractive interaction between a hydrogen atom covalently bound to a highly electronegative atom (such as oxygen or nitrogen) and another electronegative atom.
- It plays a crucial role in determining the properties and structures of various substances.

Examples of substances where hydrogen bonds are important:

Proteins:
- Hydrogen bonds play a significant role in stabilizing the secondary and tertiary structures of proteins.
- They help in maintaining the specific three-dimensional shapes of proteins, which are essential for their proper functioning.

Nucleic acids:
- Hydrogen bonds are crucial in the structure and functioning of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.
- They help in holding together the complementary base pairs in the double helix structure of DNA, facilitating genetic information storage and replication.

Water:
- Water molecules are known for their ability to form hydrogen bonds with each other.
- These hydrogen bonds contribute to the unique properties of water such as high surface tension, high specific heat capacity, and the ability to dissolve a wide range of substances.

Methane molecule:
- Methane (CH4) is a simple hydrocarbon molecule composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
- Unlike proteins, nucleic acids, and water, methane does not contain highly electronegative atoms like oxygen or nitrogen that can form hydrogen bonds.
- Therefore, hydrogen bonding is not a significant factor in determining the properties or structure of methane molecules.
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Directions: Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.PassageA chemical bond is the physical phenomenon of chemical substances being held together by attraction of atoms to each other through both sharing and exchanging of electrons or electrostatic forces. Bond energy is a measure of bond strength in a chemical bond. For example, the carbon hydrogen (C–H) bond energy is the energy change involved with breaking up the bond between the carbon and hydrogen atoms. Bonds with a higher energy release more energy when they form, and are considered to be more stable (less reactiv e).When reacting with nonmetals, hydrogen forms covalent bonds, meaning that the bonded atoms share electrons with each other. Figure 1 shows the bond energies and distances for bonds involving hydrogen and nonmetals (H–X). The chart is arranged by period (rows of periodic table); in addition, the values for group 17 (column 17 on the periodic table) are compared.Bond length is the distance between two bonded atoms in a molecule. Bond lengths are measured in molecules by means of X-ray diffraction. A set of two atoms sharing a bond is unique going from one molecule to the next. For example, the oxygen to hydrogen bond in water is different from the oxygen to hydrogen bond in alcohol. It is, however, possible to make generalizations when the general structure is the same. Figure 2 relates bond energy to bond length for H–X bonds between hydrogen and nonmetals. The elements in each period or group are connected by a line (with the exception of the first, which contains only hydrogen).Q.Suppose a certain experiment calls for a very stable substance with bond energy greater than 420 kJ/mol.Which of the following pairs of elements in a compound would yield a stable enough substance?

Two scientists wanted to test the solubility of different substances. Solubility is a measure of how many moles of a given substance (known as the solut e) can dissolve in a given volume of another substance (known as the solvent). The solvent can also be thought of as the substance present in greater amount, while the solute can be seen as the substance present in lesser amount. The scientists performed the following experiments to investigate this property.Experiment 1The scientists tested the number of moles of several substances that could be completely dissolved in 50mL of water at various temperatures. They made their solutions by slowly adding amounts of each substance to beakers sitting on a hot plate containing water and a stirring rod until no more of the substance dissolved in the solution. The beakers were weighed before and after the additions and the difference in mass was calculated to be the added mass of the substance. The researchers then calculated the number of moles that dissolved for each trial using the molecular mass and the recorded mass for each trial. Results are recorded in Table 1.Table 1Experiment 2In this experiment, the scientists wanted to test the solubility of NaCl in a variety of liquids at several temperatures. Their procedure was similar to that of Experiment 1, but with a range of liquids and only one solid. The results are compiled in Table 2.Table 2Q.In Experiment 2, which of the following combinations of temperature and solvent dissolved the greatest number of moles of NaCl?

Two scientists wanted to test the solubility of different substances. Solubility is a measure of how many moles of a given substance (known as the solut e) can dissolve in a given volume of another substance (known as the solvent). The solvent can also be thought of as the substance present in greater amount, while the solute can be seen as the substance present in lesser amount. The scientists performed the following experiments to investigate this property.Experiment 1The scientists tested the number of moles of several substances that could be completely dissolved in 50mL of water at various temperatures. They made their solutions by slowly adding amounts of each substance to beakers sitting on a hot plate containing water and a stirring rod until no more of the substance dissolved in the solution. The beakers were weighed before and after the additions and the difference in mass was calculated to be the added mass of the substance. The researchers then calculated the number of moles that dissolved for each trial using the molecular mass and the recorded mass for each trial. Results are recorded in Table 1.Table 1Experiment 2In this experiment, the scientists wanted to test the solubility of NaCl in a variety of liquids at several temperatures. Their procedure was similar to that of Experiment 1, but with a range of liquids and only one solid. The results are compiled in Table 2.Table 2Q.Which of the following correctly ranks the solutes from Experiment 1 in decreasing order of solubility in water at 50C?

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Hydrogen bond plays a vital role in determining substance properties and structure. Which of the following may not an example?a)Proteinsb)Nucleic acidsc)Methane moleculed)WaterCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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