The order of rate of substitution of chloride by pyridine (in ethanol) in the following complexesa)I andgt; II andgt; IIIb)Iandasymp; IIandasymp; IIIc)I andgt; IIandasymp; IIId)I andlt; IIandasymp; IIICorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

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The order of rate of substitution of chloride by pyridine (in ethanol) in the following complexes

a)
I > II > III
b)
I ≈ II ≈ III
c)
I > II ≈ III
d)
I < II ≈ III

Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

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The order of rate of substitution of chloride by pyridine (in ethanol)...

Substitution reaction:

A substitution reaction is a type of chemical reaction, in which one functional group is replaced by another functional group.
Metal complexes in which the rate of ligand displacement reaction is very fast and hence show very high reactivity is called labile complexes.
Metal complexes in which the rate of ligand displacement reaction is very slow and hence show less reactivity are called labile complexes.

Explanation:

In complexes, I, II, and III the metal ion involved is Ni, Pd, and Pt. Ni, Pd, and Pt are the elements of the 3d, 4d, and 5d series respectively.
The electrons present in d orbitals cannot shield the valence electrons and hence experience a much more effective nuclear charge on it.
From 3d to 5d orbital, the effective nuclear charge on the valence electrons increases. Hence moving down the group from 3d to 5d series along a group, the inertness increases.
So, from Ni to Pt, the inertness increases, and hence the rate of substitution of chloride by pyridine decreases.

Conclusion: Hence, the order of rate of substitution of chloride by pyridine (in ethanol) in the following complexes is I > II > III.

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The order of rate of substitution of chloride by pyridine (in ethanol) in the following complexesa)I > II > IIIb)I≈ II≈ IIIc)I > II≈ IIId)I < II≈ IIICorrect answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

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