Explanation:
The word that is different from the rest is option A: Typhoid. Here's a detailed explanation:
Typhoid:
- Typhoid is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi.
- It is transmitted through contaminated food and water.
- Symptoms include high fever, weakness, stomach pain, headache, and loss of appetite.
- It can be prevented through vaccination and practicing good hygiene.
Rickets:
- Rickets is a condition that affects bone development in children.
- It is caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate.
- It leads to weak and soft bones, skeletal deformities, and delayed growth.
- Rickets can be prevented and treated by ensuring an adequate intake of vitamin D and other essential nutrients.
Anaemia:
- Anaemia is a condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood.
- It can be caused by various factors such as iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, or chronic diseases.
- Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, and pale skin.
- Anaemia can be treated by addressing the underlying cause and sometimes requires iron or vitamin supplements.
Scurvy:
- Scurvy is a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C.
- It was common among sailors in the past due to a lack of fresh fruits and vegetables.
- Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, swollen and bleeding gums, joint pain, and poor wound healing.
- Scurvy can be prevented and treated by consuming an adequate amount of vitamin C-rich foods.
In summary, while all the given options are related to health conditions, Typhoid is the only one caused by a bacterial infection, whereas the other three are caused by deficiencies in specific nutrients.