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UGC NET Exam  >  UGC NET Questions  >  Predict the shape of the H2O compound based u... Start Learning for Free
Predict the shape of the H2O compound based upon concepts of hybridisation.
  • a)
    Tetrahedral
  • b)
    Angular or bent structure
  • c)
    Trigonal Planar
  • d)
    Pyramidal
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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Predict the shape of the H2O compound based upon concepts of hybridisa...
The water molecule has angular or bent structure due to the presence of two lone pairs which repels strongly.
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Predict the shape of the H2O compound based upon concepts of hybridisa...
Explanation:

Hybridization in H2O:
- In the water molecule (H2O), the central oxygen atom is sp3 hybridized.
- Oxygen has 6 electrons in its valence shell (2s2 2p4). To form 2 sigma bonds with the two hydrogen atoms, oxygen hybridizes one s and three p orbitals to form four sp3 hybrid orbitals.

Shape of H2O:
- The shape of the H2O molecule is angular or bent.
- The two lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atom cause repulsion, leading to a bent molecular geometry.
- The bond angle in water is approximately 104.5 degrees.

Explanation of Options:
- Tetrahedral: This shape is seen in molecules with sp3 hybridization and no lone pairs, such as methane (CH4).
- Angular or Bent Structure: This is the correct shape for H2O due to the presence of lone pairs causing distortion.
- Trigonal Planar: This shape is seen in molecules with sp2 hybridization, like boron trifluoride (BF3).
- Pyramidal: This shape is observed in molecules with sp3 hybridization and one lone pair, such as ammonia (NH3).
Therefore, based on the concept of hybridization and lone pair repulsion in the H2O molecule, the correct shape is an angular or bent structure.
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Directions: Read the following passage carefully and answer the question.The phrase “What is it like?“ stands for a fundamental thought process. How does one go about observing and reporting on things and events that occupy segments of earth space? Of all the infinite variety of phenomena on the face of the earth, how does one decide what phenomena to observe? There is no such thing as a complete description of the earth or any part of it, for every microscopic point on the earth’s surface differs from every other such point. Experience shows that the things observed are already familiar, because they are like phenomena that occur at home or because they resemble the abstract images and models developed in the human mind.How are abstract images formed? Humans alone among the animals possess language; their words symbolise not only specific things but also mental images of classes of things. People can remember what they have seen or experienced because they attach a word symbol to them.During the long record of our efforts to gain more and more knowledge about the face of the earth as the human habitat, there has been a continuing interplay between things and events. The direct observation through the senses is described as a percept; the mental image is described as a concept. Percepts are what some people describe as reality, in contrast to mental images, which are theoretical, implying that they are not real.The relation of Percept to Concept is not as simple as the definition implies. It is now quite clear that people of different cultures or even individuals in the same culture develop different mental images of reality and what they perceive is a reflection of these preconceptions. The direct observation of things and events on the face of the earth is so clearly a function of the mental images of the mind of the observer that the whole idea of reality must be reconsidered.Concepts determine what the observer perceives, yet concepts are derived from the generalisations of previous percepts. What happens is that the educated observer is taught to accept a set of concepts and then he/she sharpens or changes these concepts during a professional career. In any one field of scholarship, professional opinion at one time determines what concepts and procedures are acceptable, and these form a kind of model of scholarly behaviour.Q.The relation of Percept to Concept is

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Predict the shape of the H2O compound based upon concepts of hybridisation.a)Tetrahedralb)Angular or bent structurec)Trigonal Planard)PyramidalCorrect answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
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