C) Nur Jahan

Nur Jahan, also known as Mehr-un-Nisa, was a Mughal queen who played a significant role during the reign of Emperor Jahangir. She was born on May 31, 1577, in Kandahar, Afghanistan. Nur Jahan was the twentieth wife of Emperor Jahangir and held immense power and influence in the Mughal court.

Nur Jahan issued royal orders known as "farman" during her time as the Queen of the Mughal Empire. These orders were official decrees that carried the weight of law and were issued by the emperor or empress to govern different aspects of the empire. Nur Jahan's issuance of farman indicates her authority and active participation in the administration and governance of the empire.

Nur Jahan was a highly influential and capable queen. She actively participated in state affairs, held discussions with courtiers and ministers, and made decisions on matters of governance and policy. She was known for her political acumen and was often consulted by Emperor Jahangir on important matters.

During her reign, Nur Jahan played a significant role in promoting trade and commerce, patronizing the arts, and initiating public works projects. She was also known for her architectural contributions, including the construction of the famous tomb of her father, Itimad-ud-Daulah, in Agra.

Nur Jahan's reign as the Mughal queen was marked by stability and prosperity. She implemented several reforms and policies that benefited the empire and its people. However, her increasing influence and power led to resentment and jealousy among the nobles and courtiers, which eventually resulted in a power struggle after Jahangir's death.

In conclusion, Nur Jahan, the Mughal queen, played a significant role in the reign of Jahangir and issued royal orders (farman) during her time as the empress. Her active participation in governance and administration showcases her influence and authority in the Mughal court.