Formative evaluation assesses the learning progress to provide continuous feedback to both teachers and students during instruction.
Option (B) Formative evaluation, formative feedback, or assessment for learning, including diagnostic testing, is a range of formal and informal assessment procedures conducted by teachers during the learning process in order to modify teaching and learning activities to improve student attainment.
Formative assessment is a bridge between learning and teaching. It allows instructors to gather real data about students as they work, then adjusts their instruction to better serve students at their current learning level.
Examples of formative assessments include asking students to: draw a concept map in class to represent their understanding of a topic, submit one or two sentences identifying the main point of a lecture, turn in a research proposal for early feedback.
Option (A) Placement evaluation, also referred to as pre-assessment or initial assessment, is conducted prior to instruction or intervention to establish a baseline from which individual student growth can be measured. This type of assessment is used to know what the student's skill level is about the subject.
Option (C) Diagnostic evaluation is the term we use to describe our process of getting to know our clients. This process includes questions about the person's mood and behavior to better understand what symptoms might be most difficult for the person. A type of test used to help diagnose a disease or condition. Mammograms and colonoscopies are examples of diagnostic tests.
Option (D) Summative assessment, summative evaluation, or assessment of learning is the assessment of participants where the focus is on the outcome of a program. This contrasts with formative assessment, which summarizes the participants' development at a particular time.
Summative evaluation is done at the end of a course of instruction to know to what extent the objectives previously fixed have been accomplished. In other words, it is the evaluation of pupils' achievement at the end of a course. The main objective of the summative evaluation is to assign grades to the pupils.