What is the Hydrological Cycle?
The hydrological cycle, also known as the water cycle, is a continuous process that describes the movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. It plays a crucial role in regulating climate and supporting life.

Key Processes of the Hydrological Cycle:
- Evaporation:
Water from oceans, rivers, and lakes turns into vapor due to heat from the sun.
- Transpiration:
Plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through tiny openings in their leaves.
- Condensation:
Water vapor cools and transforms back into liquid droplets, forming clouds.
- Precipitation:
When clouds become heavy, water falls back to the Earth in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
- Infiltration:
Some of the precipitation soaks into the ground, replenishing groundwater supplies.
- Runoff:
Water that does not infiltrate the ground flows over the surface and returns to oceans, rivers, and lakes.

Importance of the Hydrological Cycle:
- Water Supply:
It ensures the availability of fresh water for drinking, agriculture, and industry.
- Climate Regulation:
It influences weather patterns and climate by redistributing heat and moisture.
- Ecosystem Support:
The cycle supports plant and animal life, maintaining healthy ecosystems.
- Soil Formation:
The movement of water helps in the weathering of rocks and nutrient distribution in soils.
Understanding the hydrological cycle is vital for managing water resources and addressing environmental challenges.