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How many chambers are present in the heart of mammals and reptiles respectively?
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How many chambers are present in the heart of mammals and reptiles res...
Chambers in Mammalian Hearts
Mammals possess a four-chambered heart, which includes:
  • Two Atria: The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body, while the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
  • Two Ventricles: The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation, and the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body.


This structure allows for complete separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, promoting efficient circulation and oxygen delivery to tissues.
Chambers in Reptilian Hearts
Reptiles generally have a three-chambered heart, consisting of:
  • Two Atria: Similar to mammals, reptiles have a right and a left atrium.
  • One Ventricles: The heart has a single ventricle that partially separates the blood flow; however, some mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood occurs.


Exceptions exist, notably in crocodilians, which possess a four-chambered heart like mammals. However, most reptiles exhibit some degree of mixing, which is less efficient than the mammalian system.
Conclusion
The heart structure in mammals is designed for high metabolic demands, ensuring efficient oxygen transport, while the three-chambered heart of most reptiles demonstrates a transitional evolutionary feature that balances efficiency and adaptation to their environments.
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Read the following passage and answer the item that follows. Your answer to the item should be based on the passage only.PASSAGEGrazing ecosystems, such as grasslands, shrublands, and steppes savannahs cover about 10% of India and about 40% of the world. Historically, these ecosystem support nearly all megafauna around the world and are home to reptiles, birds, amphibians. Such “drylands” have been threatened by alternate land use. “Drylands seem to lack a legitimate standing in our policy due to the unfortunate ‘wasteland’ tag which originatedduring our colonial past that was enamored by forests. Many Indian ecologists, including my colleagues, are trying to change this mindset.” “Grazing ecosystems store carbon in the soil and therefore decarbonize the atmosphere. Large mammals are crucial for all this. Unfortunately, wild mammals are confined to a few parks and reserves. Elsewhere wildlife has long been replaced by domestic livestock.”What is the most important inference from the above passage?

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How many chambers are present in the heart of mammals and reptiles respectively?
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How many chambers are present in the heart of mammals and reptiles respectively? for UPSC 2025 is part of UPSC preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus. Information about How many chambers are present in the heart of mammals and reptiles respectively? covers all topics & solutions for UPSC 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for How many chambers are present in the heart of mammals and reptiles respectively?.
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