Introduction to Delhi: 12th to 15th Century
Delhi, during the 12th to 15th centuries, witnessed significant transformations in politics, culture, and architecture. This period marked the rise of various dynasties and the foundation of the Mughal Empire.
12th Century: The Rise of the Delhi Sultanate
- The Delhi Sultanate was established in 1206 by Qutb al-Din Aibak.
- It marked the beginning of Muslim rule in India.
- Prominent rulers included Iltutmish and Razia Sultana, the first female ruler of India.
13th Century: Consolidation of Power
- The Sultanate expanded its territories, enhancing power and influence.
- The construction of Qutub Minar, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, began in this era.
- Cultural amalgamation led to the flourishing of Persian literature and art.
14th Century: The Tughlaq Dynasty
- Ghiyath al-Din Tughlaq founded the Tughlaq dynasty, known for administrative reforms.
- Delhi became a significant political center, drawing scholars and traders.
- The Feroz Shah Kotla, a notable fort, was built during this period.
15th Century: The Rise of the Mughal Empire
- The Mughal Empire began with Babur in 1526 after defeating Ibrahim Lodi.
- Established a strong centralized government and promoted the arts and architecture.
- Mughal rulers like Akbar and Shah Jahan enhanced Delhi's status as a cultural hub.
Conclusion
The period from the 12th to 15th century set the stage for the Mughal Empire's grandeur, marking Delhi as a pivotal center of power, culture, and architecture in India. The influences of various dynasties contributed to the rich tapestry of Indian history.