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How does the Indian Electoral College for the President differ from the U.S. system?
  • a)
    It includes only elected members of the Lok Sabha
  • b)
    It uses a winner-takes-all system
  • c)
    It allows voters to rank candidates in order of preference
  • d)
    It consists solely of members from the Rajya Sabha
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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How does the Indian Electoral College for the President differ from th...
The Indian Electoral College for electing the President employs the Single Transferable Vote (STV) system, which allows electors to rank candidates in order of preference. This method is designed to ensure that the elected candidate receives a majority of support while maintaining the confidentiality of votes. In contrast, the U.S. Electoral College typically follows a winner-takes-all approach in most states, where the candidate with the most votes receives all electoral votes from that state, which can lead to a different dynamic in electoral outcomes.
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Even as electoral democracy has taken strong root in India, there is no gain saying the fact that some unhealthy patterns have emerged. While voter electoral participation has remained robust, with the poor voting in large numbers, candidates and winners in Assembly and Lok Sabha polls have largely been from affluent sections — some even with several criminal cases against them. With elections becoming expensive, most parties have sought to field richer candidates irrespective of their merit in representing public interest.Current campaign finance regulations by the Election Commission of India that seek transparency on expenses by party and candidate, and prescribe limits on a candidate‘s expenditure, have not been sufficient deterrents. Poll results have tended to be a function of either party or leader preference by the voter rather than a statement on the capability of the candidate. In many cases, capable candidates stand no chance against the money power of more affluent candidates. News that the ECI is considering tightening ways to cap the expenditure of parties is therefore quite welcome, as it should provide a more level playing field. But even this can be meaningful only if there is more transparency in campaign finance which suggests that the electoral bonds system, as it is in place now, is untenable. The ECI has also suggested bringing social media and print media under the “silent period”ambit after campaigning ends. Regulating social media will be difficult and it remains to be seen how the ECI will implement this.Q.What is the full form of EVM which are used in our country in the elections?

Direction: Read the given passage and answer the question that follows by selecting the most appropriate option.One of the main reasons for corruption in elections today is the lure of power which haunts the politicians so much that they feel no qualms of conscience in adopting any underhand method to come out successful. The Watergate Scandal in the U.S.A. is an eloquent example to testify to the fact how even the top level politicians can stoop to the lowest level in order to maintain themselves in power. Who does not remember how Adolf Hitler rode roughshod overall canons of electoral pro-priety to capture power ? In India also the record of the various political parties is not clean. Corruption thrives in elections because those in the field play on the psychology of the electorate. The voters are swayed by the tall promises of the candidates to whose machinations they fall an easy prey. They are also susceptible to fall an easy prey to the adulations of the politicians due to their illiteracy. Besides, in the representative democracies today and particularly in big countries the constituencies are quite extensive obviating the possibility of corrupt practices being discovered. Anti-corruption laws are honored more in their breach than in their observance. Even the code of conduct to be observed by the parties fighting the elections becomes a dead letter in as much as it is jettisoned out of existence and thrown unscrupulously over board by the unfair politicians whose only aim is to maintain themselves in the saddle.Q. How does corruption thrive in elections?

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.US President Joe Biden’s announcement Sunday night makes him the first presidential candidate in American history to withdraw from the race on such short notice. Even President Lyndon B. Johnson, under pressure during the Vietnam War, bowed out in March 1968 before the November elections, not in July.This unprecedented, last-minute development has divided experts on whether Donald Trump, the Republican presidential candidate, will benefit, as well as what this means for India.External affairs minister S. Jaishankar has repeatedly said that India’s partnership with the US will continue to grow irrespective of whether a Republican or a Democrat is elected to the White House. Though there is bipartisan support in the US for deepening ties with India against a rising China, challenges such as India’s closeness with Russia and the alleged murder-for-hire plot against Sikh separatist and American citizen Gurpatwant Singh Pannun remain.Some experts say Trump will gain from Biden’s withdrawal, especially after he survived an assassination attempt on 13 July. “This is advantageous to Trump. Biden was flailing and had to step down, but still had some pan-American support even in the Upper Midwest states. Can the same be said about Kamala Harris?” Harsh V. Pant, vice president of the Observer Research Foundation (ORF), a New Delhi-based think tank.National polls show that Trump is ahead of Vice President Kamala Harris — now endorsed by Biden — by two percentage points. Harris herself is yet to be confirmed as the Democratic Party’s presidential candidate. All will be revealed at the Democratic National Convention on 19 August.Yet, other experts say Biden’s decision to step down is good news for the Democratic Party’s long-term strategy. “Democrats were concerned that, if Biden were to continue, they might lose not only the presidency, but also elections to the House of Representatives and the Senate, thereby leaving no checks and balances on Trump,” Meera Shankar, a former ambassador to the US.Elections will be held for the presidency, the US House of Representatives, and one-third of the Senate on 5 November.Harris, if confirmed, has less time to campaign, mobilise support and enthuse the electoral base. “The polls have been in favour of Trump ever since Biden began losing ground following the CNN presidential debate. However, it is currently difficult to predict who gains an advantage by Biden stepping down,” Shankar added.Since Biden’s poor performance in the debate three weeks ago, Trump has been gaining a national lead over the sitting president in polls. Even before the Trump shooting, the nonpartisan newsletter Cook Political Report moved three key swing states — Arizona, Georgia and Nevada — from undecided to “Lean Republican”.The battleground states expected to decide the outcome of the election are Pennsylvania, Arizona, Georgia, Wisconsin, Michigan, Nevada and North Carolina.What this means for IndiaAs New Delhi watches the developments in America with a keen eye, there seems to be an understanding that India will be able to handle relations with whoever assumes charge of the White House, according to people familiar with the matter.Last Friday, former foreign secretary Vinay Mohan Kwatra was officially appointed India’s next ambassador to the US. Kwatra will face challenges spurred by concerns in Washington DC over Modi’s recent visit to Russia, as well as the alleged Pannun murder plot.Last week, India’s Ministry of External Affairs said the country “values strategic autonomy” in response to stern remarks issued by the US Ambassador to India Eric Garcetti a week prior.“India, like many other countries, values its strategic autonomy. The US ambassador is entitled to his opinion. We also have our own and different views,” the MEA spokesperson told reporters Friday.Following Modi’s visit to Moscow, Garcetti had said on 11 July: “I respect that India likes its strategic autonomy. But in times of conflict, there is no such thing as strategic autonomy.” The “conflict” was believed to be a reference to the Ukraine war.Rajesh Rajagopalan, professor of international politics at Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), told ThePrint, “Democrats have a better chance of coming back to power, now that Biden has stepped down. Trump was only a couple of points above Biden after the assassination attempt, indicating a significant level of an anti-Trump vote. This would mean a more stable US foreign policy rather than the Trump chaos.”On the Pannun issue, there would be little to no difference between a Democrat or Republican president, given it involves American territorial sovereignty, said Rajagopalan. “But on domestic Indian issues like secularism and human rights, a Democrat will be harder on India,” he added.[Excerpt from The Print “Joe Biden withdraws from US Presidential Elections” Dated 22/07/24]What prompted US President Joe Biden to drop out of the presidential race on July 21, 2023?

Direction: Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows.There was a time, even till the early 1980s, when Parliament, notwithstanding the odd aberration, distinguished itself as a chamber for both profound debate and high eloquence on matters of national concern and beneficial legislation. An MP knew his vote mattered and therefore there was an incentive to participate in making better laws for the country or even holding his own government to account if the need arose. The best example of that was Feroze Gandhi, who was the Nehru government’s greatest bete noire in the 1950s.All that started changing with the passage of the Anti-Defection Law in 1985. The statement of objects and reasons of the said law eloquently avowed that “The evil of political defections has been a matter of political concern. If it is not combated it is likely to undermine the very foundations of our democracy and the principles that sustain it.”However, in the past 35 years of its existence, it has only ended up raising the bar of defection from retail to wholesale. Conceived as a legal fiat to enforce political morality, it has ended up completely sucking out the essence of democracy from our legislative institutions. It has turned them into halls of whip-driven tyranny where MPs and MLAs are precluded from exercising their wisdom in terms of their conscience, common sense and constituency interests.Today the political party that gives any person a ticket to contest on its symbol exerts complete control over their mind and soul. The ordinary Indian who stood in the queue on a blistering midsummer morning to exercise her franchise and elect each and every Member of Parliament becomes just an apparition.Surely the founding fathers of the Indian Constitution, when they opted for universal adult suffrage, did not countenance a template whereby electoral preferences would be exercised by an individual elector but legislative power would reside in a political party? Beheld from this standpoint, the Tenth Schedule is an encroachment on the original canons of the Constitution if not the basic structure doctrine itself.That is why at 2 pm in the afternoon when the House meets for government legislative business, on the days it is functioning, there is hardly any attendance, for every MP knows that legislation drafted by some joint secretary in the Government of India would be mechanically passed or opposed, depending on the whip issued. Hardly any bills get referred to the parliamentary standing committees.Q. Which of the following is not a premise of author’s argument in favour of need for ‘universal adult suffrage’?

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How does the Indian Electoral College for the President differ from the U.S. system?a) It includes only elected members of the Lok Sabhab) It uses a winner-takes-all systemc) It allows voters to rank candidates in order of preferenced) It consists solely of members from the Rajya SabhaCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
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How does the Indian Electoral College for the President differ from the U.S. system?a) It includes only elected members of the Lok Sabhab) It uses a winner-takes-all systemc) It allows voters to rank candidates in order of preferenced) It consists solely of members from the Rajya SabhaCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? for CLAT 2025 is part of CLAT preparation. The Question and answers have been prepared according to the CLAT exam syllabus. Information about How does the Indian Electoral College for the President differ from the U.S. system?a) It includes only elected members of the Lok Sabhab) It uses a winner-takes-all systemc) It allows voters to rank candidates in order of preferenced) It consists solely of members from the Rajya SabhaCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer? covers all topics & solutions for CLAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, meanings, examples, exercises and tests below for How does the Indian Electoral College for the President differ from the U.S. system?a) It includes only elected members of the Lok Sabhab) It uses a winner-takes-all systemc) It allows voters to rank candidates in order of preferenced) It consists solely of members from the Rajya SabhaCorrect answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?.
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