Evolution of Development Definition
The definition of development has shifted from purely economic growth to a more holistic approach that includes social, environmental, and economic sustainability, particularly with the introduction of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015.
Key Aspects of Sustainable Development
- Inclusivity: Development now emphasizes equitable access to resources. For instance, the SDG 10 aims to reduce inequality within and among countries. In India, schemes like the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana aim to provide affordable housing to economically weaker sections.
- Environmental Sustainability: There is a strong focus on preserving natural resources. SDG 13 addresses climate action. India’s commitment to increasing its renewable energy capacity to 500 GW by 2030 exemplifies this commitment.
- Health and Well-being: Health is a crucial component of development. SDG 3 promotes good health and well-being. The Ayushman Bharat scheme exemplifies India's effort to provide health coverage to the underprivileged, enhancing the overall quality of life.
- Education and Gender Equality: Development now prioritizes education and gender equality. SDG 4 focuses on quality education, while SDG 5 emphasizes gender equality. Initiatives like Beti Bachao Beti Padhao aim to empower girls through education in India.
Conclusion
The advent of the SDGs has transformed the concept of development from a narrow focus on economic growth to a comprehensive framework that addresses social justice, environmental sustainability, and human well-being. This holistic approach is crucial for achieving long-term, sustainable progress in countries like India.