The reason for this gas solubility relationship with temperature is very similar to the reason that vapor pressure increases with temperature. Increased temperature causes an increase in kinetic energy. The higher kinetic energy causes more motion in molecules which break intermolecular bonds and escape from solution. As the temperature increases, the solubility of a gas decreases.

The correct answer is option 'D': The solubility of gases in liquids increases on increasing the temperature. This statement is not true.

Explanation:

Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve in a specific solvent. It is influenced by various factors such as temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent. Let's examine each statement to understand why option 'D' is incorrect.

a) The solubility of gases in liquids decreases on increasing the temperature:
When a gas dissolves in a liquid, it forms a solution. The solubility of gases in liquids is affected by temperature. As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules also increases. This leads to an increase in the movement and collision frequency of the gas molecules with the liquid molecules. Consequently, the solubility of gases decreases with increasing temperature. This statement is true.

b) The solubility of solids in liquids remain unaffected by changes in pressure:
The solubility of solids in liquids is generally not affected by changes in pressure. This is because solids are not compressible like gases. The pressure exerted on a solid does not significantly impact its solubility in a liquid. Therefore, the solubility of solids in liquids remains unaffected by changes in pressure. This statement is true.

c) The solubility of solids in liquids increases on increasing the temperature:
In most cases, the solubility of solids in liquids increases with an increase in temperature. This is because an increase in temperature provides more energy to the solvent molecules. The increased energy allows the solvent molecules to overcome the attractive forces between solute particles, resulting in increased solubility. Therefore, the solubility of solids in liquids generally increases with increasing temperature. This statement is true.

d) The solubility of gases in liquids increases on increasing the temperature:
This statement is not true. As mentioned earlier, the solubility of gases in liquids decreases with increasing temperature. Higher temperatures provide more energy to the gas molecules, allowing them to overcome the attractive forces between the gas molecules and the liquid molecules. This leads to a decrease in the solubility of gases in liquids. Therefore, option 'D' is the correct answer.

In summary, the solubility of gases in liquids decreases on increasing the temperature, the solubility of solids in liquids remains unaffected by changes in pressure, and the solubility of solids in liquids generally increases on increasing the temperature.

Option C as well as option D