Strong Base: Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

- Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base due to its high concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution.
- When NaOH dissolves in water, it completely dissociates into Na+ and OH- ions.
- The OH- ions in NaOH solution are highly reactive and can easily accept protons (H+) from acids, making it a strong base.
- NaOH is a white, crystalline solid that is commonly known as caustic soda or lye.
- It is highly soluble in water and forms a strong alkaline solution.
- NaOH is commonly used in various industries, such as chemical manufacturing, soap production, and as a pH regulator in water treatment.
- It is also used in household cleaning products, drain cleaners, and oven cleaners due to its ability to dissolve grease and organic matter.
- The strong basic nature of NaOH can cause severe burns and is corrosive to many materials, including human tissue, metals, and organic compounds.

Other Options:

- Copper hydroxide (Cu(OH)2) is a weak base. It forms a weak alkaline solution when dissolved in water. It is used as a fungicide and in some agricultural applications.
- Iron hydroxide (Fe(OH)3) is also a weak base. It forms a slightly alkaline solution when dissolved in water. It is commonly used in water treatment for its ability to remove contaminants.
- Calcium oxide (CaO) is not a base but a strong alkaline compound. It reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), which is a strong base.

Conclusion:

Among the given options, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is the strong base. It completely dissociates in water to form highly reactive hydroxide ions (OH-) and is widely used in various industries and household products. Copper hydroxide, iron hydroxide, and calcium oxide are either weak bases or strong alkaline compounds but not strong bases like sodium hydroxide.

Because sodium is highly reactive metal and when it reacts with hydrogen it becomes more reactive