What is the primary role of Viridans streptococci in cardiovascular health, as revealed by recent research?a) They promote heart health by producing beneficial substances.b) They form biofilms that can contribute to arterial inflammation and heart attacks.c) They enhance the immune response against heart diseases.d) They are entirely harmless and unrelated to heart conditions.Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Question

Answer

Understanding the Role of Viridans Streptococci
Viridans streptococci are a group of bacteria commonly found in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract. Recent research highlights their complex relationship with cardiovascular health.
Biofilm Formation
- Viridans streptococci are known for their ability to form biofilms.
- Biofilms are communities of bacteria that adhere to surfaces, leading to a protective layer.
- In the cardiovascular context, these biofilms can develop on damaged arterial walls.
Contributing to Arterial Inflammation
- The presence of biofilms can trigger an inflammatory response in the body.
- Inflammation is a key factor in the development of atherosclerosis, a condition that narrows arteries and can lead to heart attacks.
- Viridans streptococci can contribute to the progression of this inflammation.
Risk of Endocarditis
- Viridans streptococci are also associated with infective endocarditis, an infection of the heart's inner lining.
- This condition can occur when bacteria enter the bloodstream and attach to heart valves, particularly in individuals with predisposing conditions.
- While viridans streptococci are part of normal flora, their pathogenic potential becomes significant under certain conditions.
Conclusion
In summary, the primary role of viridans streptococci in cardiovascular health is their ability to form biofilms that contribute to arterial inflammation and the risk of heart attacks. Understanding this relationship underscores the importance of oral hygiene and regular dental care in preventing potential cardiovascular issues.

Answer

Viridans streptococci can form biofilms within atherosclerotic plaques, which may lead to inflammation in the arterial wall. When these biofilms detach, they can trigger critical events that increase the risk of heart attacks, highlighting the importance of oral health in cardiovascular well-being.

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