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Force of friction depends on
- a)Smoothness of surface
- b)Roughness of surface
- c)Inclination of surface
- d)All of above.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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Force of friction depends ona)Smoothness of surfaceb)Roughness of surf...
Friction is the name given to the force that opposes the motion of one body sliding over another. It is called friction when the objects are solid, viscosity in liquids but it always opposes the motion of an object.
The first mathematical description was made by Charles Augustine de Coloumb in 1764. He proposed that friction could be classed as static or dynamic and proposed that the frictional force was frictional force dependent on the materials in contact.
Surface Contact
At an interface between two objects, the surfaces may appear to be smooth, however on a microscopic scale the surfaces are pitted and jagged.
The friction force depends on two factors:
a) The materials that are in contact. The two materials and the nature of their surfaces. Rougher surfaces have higher coefficient of frictions but to slide apart. This makes sense in terms of a model in which friction is described as arising from chemical bonds between the atoms of the two surfaces at their points of contact: very flat surfaces allow more atoms to come in contact
b) The force pushing the two surfaces together. Pushing the surfaces together causes the more of the asperities to come together and increases the surface area in contact with each other.
Most Upvoted Answer
Force of friction depends ona)Smoothness of surfaceb)Roughness of surf...
Force of friction depends on several factors. Let's discuss them in detail:
Smoothness of surface:
- Friction is higher on rough surfaces compared to smooth surfaces.
- For example, sliding a book on a polished table requires less force than sliding the same book on a carpeted floor.
- Therefore, the force of friction is inversely proportional to the smoothness of the surface.
Roughness of surface:
- As mentioned earlier, the roughness of the surface affects the force of friction.
- When two rough surfaces come in contact, the irregularities of the surfaces interlock, resulting in more friction.
- On the other hand, when two smooth surfaces come in contact, there is less interlocking and thus less friction.
- Therefore, the force of friction is directly proportional to the roughness of the surface.
Inclination of surface:
- The angle of inclination of the surface also affects the force of friction.
- When a surface is inclined, the force of gravity pulls the object down the slope, and the force of friction opposes this motion.
- The steeper the incline, the greater the force of friction required to prevent the object from sliding down.
- Therefore, the force of friction is directly proportional to the inclination of the surface.
Conclusion:
- Based on the above factors, we can say that the force of friction depends on the smoothness and roughness of the surface and the inclination of the surface.
- Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option 'D' (All of the above).
Smoothness of surface:
- Friction is higher on rough surfaces compared to smooth surfaces.
- For example, sliding a book on a polished table requires less force than sliding the same book on a carpeted floor.
- Therefore, the force of friction is inversely proportional to the smoothness of the surface.
Roughness of surface:
- As mentioned earlier, the roughness of the surface affects the force of friction.
- When two rough surfaces come in contact, the irregularities of the surfaces interlock, resulting in more friction.
- On the other hand, when two smooth surfaces come in contact, there is less interlocking and thus less friction.
- Therefore, the force of friction is directly proportional to the roughness of the surface.
Inclination of surface:
- The angle of inclination of the surface also affects the force of friction.
- When a surface is inclined, the force of gravity pulls the object down the slope, and the force of friction opposes this motion.
- The steeper the incline, the greater the force of friction required to prevent the object from sliding down.
- Therefore, the force of friction is directly proportional to the inclination of the surface.
Conclusion:
- Based on the above factors, we can say that the force of friction depends on the smoothness and roughness of the surface and the inclination of the surface.
- Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option 'D' (All of the above).
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Force of friction depends ona)Smoothness of surfaceb)Roughness of surf...
All of Above
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