Chemistry Exam > Chemistry Questions > On dilution, the:a)Specific conductance decre...
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On dilution, the:
- a)Specific conductance decreases
- b)Specific conductance increase
- c)Molar conductivity of both weak electrolyte & strong electrolyte increases
- d)Molar conductivity of weak electrolyte becomes more than that of strong electrolyte
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Verified Answer
On dilution, the:a)Specific conductance decreasesb)Specific conductanc...
Weak electrolytes dissociate to a lesser extent and thus, furnish less number of ions for conductance as compared to strong electrolytes. Thus, the conductance of a weak electrolyte is much less than that of a strong electrolyte at same concentration. This is seen in the figure below where acetic acid serves as an example of weak electrolyte.
The curve obtained for CH3COOH shows that there is a large increase in the value of molar conductivity with dilution, especially near infinite dilution. This is because as the solution of a weak electrolyte is diluted, its ionization is increased. This results in more number of ions in solution and thus, there is an increase in molar conductivity. However, the conductance of a weak electrolyte never approaches a limiting value.
From the plot for a strong electrolyte, it is also seen that the curve for strong electrolyte becomes linear near high dilution (or low concentrations) and thus, can be extrapolated to zero concentration to get the molar conductivity at infinite dilution, i.e. but from the plot for a weak electrolyte, it is seen that the curve near high dilution is almost parallel to the Y-axis and hence, such an extrapolation is not possible for weak electrolytes. Thus, it is not possible to calculate the maximum limiting value of molar conductivity for a weak electrolyte both graphically or experimentally.
This problem was solved by Kohlrausch who formulated a law for calculation of the molar conductivities of weak electrolytes at infinite dilution indirectly. You will study it in the next section.
This question is part of UPSC exam. View all Chemistry courses
Most Upvoted Answer
On dilution, the:a)Specific conductance decreasesb)Specific conductanc...
Molar conductivity of strong electrolytes: The curve obtained for strong electrolyte shows that there is only a small increase in conductance with dilution. This is because a strong electrolyte is completely dissociated in solution and so the number of ions remains constant. At higher concentrations, the greater inter-ionic attractions retard the motion of ions and, therefore, the conductance falls with increasing concentrations. With decrease in concentration, or with increase in dilution, the ions are far apart and therefore the interionic attractions decrease due to which the conductance increases with dilution and approaches a maximum limiting value at infinite dilution.
Community Answer
On dilution, the:a)Specific conductance decreasesb)Specific conductanc...
C) Molar conductivity of both weak electrolytes and strong electrolytes increases.
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On dilution, the:a)Specific conductance decreasesb)Specific conductance increasec)Molar conductivity of both weak electrolyte & strong electrolyte increasesd)Molar conductivity of weak electrolyte becomes more than that of strong electrolyteCorrect answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
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