Double displacement reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves the exchange of ions between two reactants to form new compounds. It is also called metathesis or exchange reaction.

Process of Double Displacement Reaction
In a double displacement reaction, the reactants are usually two ionic compounds or acids. When the reactants are mixed, the positive and negative ions of the two compounds switch places to form two new compounds. The reactants and products are usually in aqueous solution, but they can also be in a solid or gaseous state.

Example of Double Displacement Reaction
An example of a double displacement reaction is the reaction between silver nitrate (AgNO3) and sodium chloride (NaCl) to form silver chloride (AgCl) and sodium nitrate (NaNO3):

AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3

In this reaction, the silver ion (Ag+) from the silver nitrate combines with the chloride ion (Cl-) from the sodium chloride to form silver chloride (AgCl), while the sodium ion (Na+) from the sodium chloride combines with the nitrate ion (NO3-) from the silver nitrate to form sodium nitrate (NaNO3).

Factors Affecting Double Displacement Reaction
The factors that affect double displacement reactions include the nature of the reactants, temperature, concentration, and the presence of a catalyst. Some double displacement reactions are reversible, while others are irreversible.

Applications of Double Displacement Reaction
Double displacement reactions are used in various industrial and laboratory applications, such as in the production of soap, paper, and detergents. They are also used in the purification of metals, the treatment of wastewater, and the synthesis of drugs and chemicals.

Conclusion
In summary, double displacement reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves the exchange of ions between two reactants to form new compounds. It is widely used in various industrial and laboratory applications and can be affected by various factors.